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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 1998, p. 2542-2548, Vol. 42, No. 10
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Efficacies of KY62 against Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania donovani in Experimental Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis

Hail M. Al-Abdely,1,2,* John R. Graybill,1,2 Rosie Bocanegra,1 Laura Najvar,1 Eleanor Montalbo,1 Steven L. Regen,3 and Peter C. Melby1,2

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio,1 and Audie Murphy Veterans Administration Hospital,2 San Antonio, Texas 78284, and Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 180153

Received 5 February 1998/Returned for modification 24 March 1998/Accepted 15 July 1998

Current therapy for leishmaniasis is unsatisfactory because parenteral antimonial salts and pentamidine are associated with significant toxicity and failure rates. We examined the efficacy of KY62, a new, water-soluble, polyene antifungal, against cutaneous infection with Leishmania amazonensis and against visceral infection with Leishmania donovani in susceptible BALB/c mice. Mice were infected with L. amazonensis promastigotes in the ear pinna and in the tail and were treated with KY62 or amphotericin B. The cutaneous lesions showed a remarkable response to therapy with KY62 at a dose of 30 mg per kg of body weight per day. At this dose, the efficacy of KY62 was equivalent to or better than that of amphotericin B at 1 to 5 mg/kg/day. Mice infected intravenously with 107 L. donovani promastigotes and treated with KY62 showed a 4-log reduction in the parasite burden in the liver and spleen compared to untreated mice. These studies indicate potent activity of KY62 against experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. amazoniensis and against experimental visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78284. Phone: (210) 567-4823. Fax: (210) 567-4670. E-mail: abdely{at}uthscsa.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 1998, p. 2542-2548, Vol. 42, No. 10
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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