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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 1998, p. 3157-3162, Vol. 42, No. 12
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors
Serve as Substrates for Multidrug Transporter Proteins MDR1 and MRP1
but Retain Antiviral Efficacy in Cell Lines Expressing These
Transporters
Ranga V.
Srinivas,1,*
David
Middlemas,2
Pat
Flynn,1 and
Arnold
Fridland1
Department of Infectious
Diseases1 and
Department of Molecular
Pharmacology,2 St. Jude Children's Research
Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
Received 26 May 1998/Returned for modification 17 August
1998/Accepted 3 October 1998
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors
(PIs)
saquinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, and indinavir
interact with
the ABC-type multidrug transporter proteins MDR1 and MRP1 in CEM
T-lymphocytic cell lines. Calcein fluorescence was significantly enhanced in MDR1+ CEM/VBL100 and MRP1+
CEM/VM-1-5 cells incubated in the presence of various HIV PIs and
calcein acetoxymethyl ester. HIV PIs also enhanced the cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin, a known substrate for MDR1 and MRP1, in both
VBL100 and VM-1-5 CEM lines. Saquinavir, ritonavir, and nelfinavir
enhanced doxorubicin toxicity in CEM/VBL100 cells by approximately
three- to sevenfold. Saquinavir and ritonavir also enhanced doxorubicin
toxicity in CEM/VM-1-5 cells. HIV-1 replication was effectively
inhibited by the various PIs in all of the cell lines, and the 90%
inhibitory concentration for a given compound was comparable between
the different cell types. Therefore, overexpression of MDR1 or MRP1 by
T lymphocytes is not likely to limit the antiviral efficacy of HIV PI therapy.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105. Phone: (901) 495-2359. Fax: (901)
495-3099. E-mail: ranga.srinivas{at}stjude.org.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 1998, p. 3157-3162, Vol. 42, No. 12
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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