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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 1998, p. 879-884, Vol. 42, No. 4
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Discriminatory Detection of Inhibitor-Resistant beta -Lactamases in Escherichia coli by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism-PCR

Valérie Speldooren,1 Beate Heym,1 Roger Labia,2 and Marie-Hélène Nicolas-Chanoine1,*

Microbiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise-Paré, Université Paris V, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt,1 and UMR 175 CNRS, Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, 29000 Quimper,2 France

Received 4 August 1997/Returned for modification 16 December 1997/Accepted 31 January 1998

Plasmid-mediated mechanisms, comprising TEM hyperproduction, TEM derivative production, and OXA production, lead to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in enterobacteria. The ability of the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR method to differentiate the genes encoding inhibitor-resistant beta -lactamases was evaluated with three blaTEM primer pairs. The blaTEM genes, which were known to be different on the basis of their nucleotide sequences (blaTEM-1A, blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-2, blaTEM-30, blaTEM-32, and blaTEM-35), were identified as different by their electrophoretic mobilities. The blaTEM-33, blaTEM-34, blaTEM-36, blaTEM-37, blaTEM-38, and blaTEM-39 genes, whose sequence differences have been established by oligotyping, displayed different SSCP profiles for different fragments, suggesting genetic differences in addition to those defined by oligotyping. Confirmed by sequencing, these additional genetic events concerned silent mutations at certain positions and, notably, a Gright-arrowT transversion at position 1 of the -10 consensus sequence in blaTEM-34, blaTEM-36, blaTEM-37, and blaTEM-39. Applied to eight clinical isolates of Escherichia coli resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, the SSCP method detected TEM-1 in three strains and TEM-30, TEM-32, and TEM-35 in three other strains, respectively. A novel TEM derivative (TEM-58) was detected in another strain, and the deduced amino acid sequence showed two substitutions: Arg244Ser, which is known to confer amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in TEM-30, and Val261Ile, which has not been described previously. The eighth strain produced an OXA beta -lactamase. Given the discriminatory power and the applicability of SSCP-PCR, this method can be proposed as a means of following the evolution of the frequencies of the different inhibitor-resistant beta -lactamases.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Microbiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise-Paré, Université Paris V, 9 avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France. Phone: 33-1-49 09 55 40. Fax: 33-1-49 09 59 21. E-mail: marie-helene.nicolas-chanoine{at}aph.ap-hop-paris.fr.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 1998, p. 879-884, Vol. 42, No. 4
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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