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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 1999, p. 2702-2709, Vol. 43, No. 11
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Competition of Various beta -Lactam Antibiotics for the Major Penicillin-Binding Proteins of Helicobacter pylori: Antibacterial Activity and Effects on Bacterial Morphology

Cindy R. DeLoney and Neal L. Schiller*

Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521

Received 15 January 1999/Returned for modification 3 May 1999/Accepted 31 August 1999

The penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of helical (log-phase) Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43579 were identified by using biotinylated ampicillin. The major PBPs had apparent molecular masses of 47, 60, 63, and 66 kDa; an additional minor PBP of 95 to 100 kDa was also detected. The relative affinities of various beta -lactams for these PBPs were tested by competitive-binding assays. Only PBP63 appeared to be significantly bound to each of the competing antibiotics, whereas PBP66 strongly bound mezlocillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, and ceftriaxone. Whereas most of the beta -lactams significantly bound two or more PBPs, aztreonam specifically targeted PBP63. The influence of sub-MICs of these beta -lactams on the morphologies of log-phase H. pylori was observed at both the phase-contrast and transmission electron microscopy levels. Each of the eight beta -lactams examined induced blebbing and sphere formation, whereas aztreonam was the only antibiotic studied which induced pronounced filamentation in H. pylori. Finally, studies comparing the PBPs of helical (log-phase) cultures with those of coccoid (7-, 14-, and 21-day-old) cultures of H. pylori revealed that the major PBPs at 60 and 63 kDa seen in the helical form were almost undetectable in the coccoid forms, whereas PBP66 remained the major PBP in the coccoid forms, although somewhat reduced in level compared to the helical form. PBP47 was present in both forms at approximately equal concentrations. These studies thus identified the major PBPs in both helical and coccoid forms of H. pylori and compared the relative affinities of seven different beta -lactams for the PBPs in the helical forms and their effects on bacterial morphology.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (909) 787-4569. Fax: (909) 787-5504. E-mail: neal.schiller{at}ucr.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 1999, p. 2702-2709, Vol. 43, No. 11
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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