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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, March 1999, p. 573-581, Vol. 43, No. 3
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of VEB-1, a Novel Class A Extended-Spectrum beta -Lactamase Encoded by an Escherichia coli Integron Gene

Laurent Poirel,1 Thierry Naas,2 Michele Guibert,2 El Bachir Chaibi,3 Roger Labia,3 and Patrice Nordmann1,*

Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre,1 Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud 92141 Clamart Cedex,2 and Chimie et Biologie des Substances Actives, UMR 175 CNRS-MNHN, 29000 Quimper,3 France

Received 19 May 1998/Returned for modification 21 October 1998/Accepted 13 December 1998

A clinical isolate, Escherichia coli MG-1, isolated from a 4-month-old Vietnamese orphan child, produced a beta -lactamase conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. In a disk diffusion test, a typical synergistic effect between ceftazidime or aztreonam and clavulanic acid was observed along with an unusual synergy between cefoxitin and cefuroxime. The gene for VEB-1 (Vietnamese extended-spectrum beta -lactamase) was cloned and expressed in E. coli JM109. The recombinant plasmid pRLT1 produced a beta -lactamase with a pI of 5.35 and conferred high-level resistance to extended-spectrum (or oxyimino) cephalosporins and to aztreonam. Vmax values for extended-spectrum cephalosporins were uncommonly high, while the affinity of the enzyme for ceftazidime and aztreonam was relatively low. blaVEB-1 showed significant homology at the DNA level with only blaPER-1 and blaPER-2. Analysis of the deduced protein sequence showed that VEB-1 is a class A penicillinase having very low levels of homology with any other known beta -lactamases. The highest percentage of amino acid identity was 38% with PER-1 or PER-2, two uncommon class A extended-spectrum enzymes. Exploration of the genetic environment of blaVEB-1 revealed the presence of gene cassette features, i.e., (i) a 59-base element associated with blaVEB-1; (ii) a second 59-base element just upstream of blaVEB-1, likely belonging to the aacA1-orfG gene cassette; (iii) two core sites (GTTRRRY) on both sides of blaVEB-1; and (iv) a second antibiotic resistance gene 3' of blaVEB-1, aadB. blaVEB-1 may therefore be the first class A extended-spectrum beta -lactamase that is part of a gene cassette, which itself is likely to be located on a class 1 integron, as sulfamide resistance may indicate. Furthermore, blaVEB-1 is encoded on a large (>100-kb) transferable plasmid found in a Klebsiella pneumoniae MG-2 isolated at the same time from the same patient, indicating a horizontal gene transfer.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. Phone: 33-1-45-21-36-32. Fax: 33-1-45-21-63-40. E-mail: nordmann.patrice{at}bct.ap-hop-paris.fr.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, March 1999, p. 573-581, Vol. 43, No. 3
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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