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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 1999, p. 1591-1594, Vol. 43, No. 7
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

beta -Lactamase Production by Oral Anaerobic Gram-Negative Species in Infants in Relation to Previous Antimicrobial Therapy

S. Nyfors,1,2 E. Könönen,1,3,* A. Takala,4 and H. Jousimies-Somer1

Anaerobe Reference Laboratory1 and Department of Vaccines,4 National Public Health Institute, FIN-00300 Helsinki, and Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki,2 Finland, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark3

Received 2 September 1998/Returned for modification 16 December 1998/Accepted 17 April 1999

The frequency of beta -lactamase production in gram-negative bacteria has increased considerably during recent years. In this study, beta -lactamase production by oral anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from saliva was longitudinally examined for 44 Caucasian infants at the ages of 2, 6, and 12 months in relation to their documented exposure to antibiotics. Isolates showing decreased susceptibility to penicillin G (1 µg/ml) were examined for beta -lactamase production by using a chromogenic cephalosporin disk test. beta -Lactamase-positive, gram-negative anaerobic species were found in 11, 55, and 89% of each age group, respectively. beta -Lactamase production was most frequent among organisms of the Prevotella melaninogenica group. At 12 months, 73% of the infants harbored beta -lactamase-producing members of the P. melaninogenica group, 55% had nonpigmented Prevotella species, 25% had Porphyromonas catoniae, 23% had Fusobacterium nucleatum, and 5% had Capnocytophaga species. Several beta -lactamase-producing species could be simultaneously found in the infants' mouths. The presence of beta -lactamase-producing species was significantly associated with the infants' exposure to antibiotics through antimicrobial treatments given to the infants and/or their mothers.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Public Health Institute, Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland. Phone: 358-9-47448248. Fax: 358-9-47448238. E-mail: Eija.Kononen{at}ktl.fi.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 1999, p. 1591-1594, Vol. 43, No. 7
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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