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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2000, p. 3118-3121, Vol. 44, No. 11
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evidence for an Efflux Pump Mediating Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Laura J. V. Piddock,1,* David G. White,2 Karl Gensberg,1 Lilian Pumbwe,1 and Deborah J. Griggs1

Antimicrobial Agents Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom,1 and Center for Veterinary Medicine, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 207082

Received 6 April 2000/Returned for modification 25 May 2000/Accepted 9 August 2000

The mechanism of multiple antibiotic resistance in six isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium recovered from a patient treated with ciprofloxacin was studied to investigate the role of efflux in the resistance phenotype. Compared to the patient's pretherapy isolate (L3), five of six isolates accumulated less ciprofloxacin, three of six isolates accumulated less chloramphenicol, and all six accumulated less tetracycline. The accumulation of one or more antibiotics was increased by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone to concentrations similar to those accumulated by L3 for all isolates except one, in which accumulation of all three agents remained approximately half that of L3. All isolates had the published wild-type sequences of marO and marR. No increased expression of marA, tolC, or soxS was observed by Northern blotting; however, three isolates showed increased expression of acrB, which was confirmed by quantitative competitive reverse transcription-PCR. However, there were no mutations within acrR or the promoter region of acrAB in any of the isolates.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Antimicrobial Agents Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. Phone: 0121-414-6969. Fax: 0121-414-6966. E-mail: l.j.v.piddock{at}bham.ac.uk.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2000, p. 3118-3121, Vol. 44, No. 11
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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