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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2000, p. 3167-3168, Vol. 44, No. 11
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of Rifalazil in a Combination Treatment Regimen as an Alternative to Isoniazid-Rifampin Therapy in a Mouse Tuberculosis Model

Anne M. Lenaerts, Sharon E. Chase, and Michael H. Cynamon*

Departments of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210

Received 22 June 2000/Returned for modification 6 July 2000/Accepted 2 August 2000

The newer rifamycin, rifalazil (RLZ) (previously known as KRM-1648), has been shown in prior experiments to be a highly potent drug against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this report, we studied the efficacy of RLZ in combination with pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol (EMB) in a long-term in vivo experiment and compared their activity with the isoniazid (INH)-rifampin (RIF) combination which is presently used in the clinic. Combinations of RLZ with PZA alone or with both PZA and EMB were both found to have sterilizing activities comparable to that of the INH-RIF combination but significantly better activity with respect to relapse of infection. These results suggest that RLZ, or other agents with similar activity, could be combined with available agents to act as a potential alternative drug regimen to the currently used INH-RIF combination.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: VAMC, 800 Irving Ave., Syracuse, NY 13210. Phone: (315) 476-7461, ext. 3324. Fax: (315) 476-5348. E-mail: Michael.Cynamon{at}med.va.gov.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2000, p. 3167-3168, Vol. 44, No. 11
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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