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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2000, p. 462-466, Vol. 44, No. 2
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Prevalence of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE Mutations in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with Decreased Susceptibilities to Different Fluoroquinolones and Originating from Worldwide Surveillance Studies during the 1997-1998 Respiratory Season

Mark E. Jones,1,* Daniel F. Sahm,2 Nele Martin,3 Sibylle Scheuring,3 Peter Heisig,4 Clyde Thornsberry,2 Karl Köhrer,3 and Franz-Josef Schmitz3

MRL Pharmaceutical Services, Utrecht, The Netherlands1; MRL Pharmaceutical Services, Herndon, Virginia2; and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf,3 and Institute of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, Bonn,4 Germany

Received 2 July 1999/Returned for modification 3 September 1999/Accepted 16 November 1999

From 8,419 worldwide clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained during 1997-1998, 69 isolates with reduced susceptibility or resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) were molecularly characterized. For the isolates in this prevalence study, only parC (Ser-79right-arrowTyr) and gyrA (Ser-81right-arrowPhe or Tyr) mutations, especially in combination, were found to contribute significantly to resistance. These mutations influenced the FQ MICs to varying degrees, although the rank order of activity remains independent of mutation type, with ciprofloxacin the least active, followed by levofloxacin, gatifloxacin/grepafloxacin/moxifloxacin/sparfloxacin/trovafloxacin, and clinafloxacin/sitafloxacin. Efflux likely plays a crucial role in reduced susceptibility for new hydrophilic FQs.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: MRL Pharmaceutical Services, Den Brielstraat 11, 3554XD, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Phone: 31 30 265 1794. Fax: 31 30 265 1784. E-mail: mjones{at}thetsn.com.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2000, p. 462-466, Vol. 44, No. 2
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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