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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 2001, p. 2716-2722, Vol. 45, No. 10
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.10.2716-2722.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evidence for Transfer of CMY-2 AmpC beta -Lactamase Plasmids between Escherichia coli and Salmonella Isolates from Food Animals and Humans

P. L. Winokur,1,2,* D. L. Vonstein,2 L. J. Hoffman,3 E. K. Uhlenhopp,3 and G. V. Doern1

University of Iowa College of Medicine1 and The Veterans Affairs Medical Center,2 Iowa City, and Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames,3 Iowa

Received 22 January 2001/Returned for modification 30 April 2001/Accepted 10 July 2001

Escherichia coli is an important pathogen that shows increasing antimicrobial resistance in isolates from both animals and humans. Our laboratory recently described Salmonella isolates from food animals and humans that expressed an identical plasmid-mediated, AmpC-like beta -lactamase, CMY-2. In the present study, 59 of 377 E. coli isolates from cattle and swine (15.6%) and 6 of 1,017 (0.6%) isolates of human E. coli from the same geographic region were resistant to both cephamycins and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. An ampC gene could be amplified with CMY-2 primers in 94.8% of animal and 33% of human isolates. Molecular epidemiological studies of chromosomal DNA revealed little clonal relatedness among the animal and human E. coli isolates harboring the CMY-2 gene. The ampC genes from 10 animal and human E. coli isolates were sequenced, and all carried an identical CMY-2 gene. Additionally, all were able to transfer a plasmid containing the CMY-2 gene to a laboratory strain of E. coli. CMY-2 plasmids demonstrated two different plasmid patterns that each showed strong similarities to previously described Salmonella CMY-2 plasmids. Additionally, Southern blot analyses using a CMY-2 probe demonstrated conserved fragments among many of the CMY-2 plasmids identified in Salmonella and E. coli isolates from food animals and humans. These data demonstrate that common plasmids have been transferred between animal-associated Salmonella and E. coli, and identical CMY-2 genes carried by similar plasmids have been identified in humans, suggesting that the CMY-2 plasmid has undergone transfer between different bacterial species and may have been transmitted between food animals and humans.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Internal Medicine, SW54 GH, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242. Phone: (319) 356-3909. Fax: (319) 356-4600. E-mail: patricia-winokur{at}uiowa.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 2001, p. 2716-2722, Vol. 45, No. 10
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.10.2716-2722.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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