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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2001, p. 428-432, Vol. 45, No. 2
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.2.428-432.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cross-Resistance between Triclosan and Antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Mediated by Multidrug Efflux Pumps: Exposure of a Susceptible Mutant Strain to Triclosan Selects nfxB Mutants Overexpressing MexCD-OprJ

Rungtip Chuanchuen,1 Kerry Beinlich,1 Tung T. Hoang,2 Anna Becher,1 RoxAnn R. Karkhoff-Schweizer,1 and Herbert P. Schweizer1,*

Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1677,1 and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N42

Received 3 July 2000/Returned for modification 7 September 2000/Accepted 31 October 2000

Triclosan is an antiseptic frequently added to items as diverse as soaps, lotions, toothpaste, and many commonly used household fabrics and plastics. Although wild-type Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses the triclosan target enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, it is triclosan resistant due to expression of the MexAB-OprM efflux system. Exposure of a susceptible Delta (mexAB-oprM) strain to triclosan selected multidrug-resistant bacteria at high frequencies. These bacteria hyperexpressed the MexCD-OprJ efflux system due to mutations in its regulatory gene, nfxB. The MICs of several drugs for these mutants were increased up to 500-fold, including the MIC of ciprofloxacin, which was increased 94-fold. Whereas the MexEF-OprN efflux system also participated in triclosan efflux, this antimicrobial was not a substrate for MexXY-OprM.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523. Phone: (970) 491-3536. Fax: (970) 491-1815. E-mail: hschweiz{at}cvmbs.colostate.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2001, p. 428-432, Vol. 45, No. 2
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.2.428-432.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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