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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2001, p. 1394-1401, Vol. 45, No. 5
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.5.1394-1401.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

In Vivo Efficacy of Trovafloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis in Mixed Infection with either Escherichia coli or a Vancomycin-Resistant Strain of Enterococcus faecium in an Established-Abscess Murine Model

Lorna E. T. Stearne,1,* Inge C. Gyssens,1 Wil H. F. Goessens,1 Johan W. Mouton,1 Wim J. G. Oyen,2 Jos W. M. van der Meer,3 and Henri A. Verbrugh1

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam,1 and Department of Nuclear Medicine2 and Department of General Internal Medicine,3 University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Received 17 July 2000/Returned for modification 12 November 2000/Accepted 8 February 2001

The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of trovafloxacin were studied in a standardized murine model of established subcutaneous abscesses. Daily dosing regimens of 37.5 to 300 mg/kg every 8 h (q8h) or every 24 h (q24h) were started 3 days after inoculation with mixtures containing either Bacteroides fragilis-Escherichia coli-autoclaved cecal contents (ACC) or B. fragilis-vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF)-ACC. Treatment was continued for 3 or 5 days. The efficacy of treatment was determined by the decrease in abscess bacterial counts and abscess weights, as well as by the reduction in inflammation (biodistribution of 99mTc-HYNIC immunoglobulin G) compared to saline-treated controls. Trovafloxacin showed a significant dose-response effect on the bacterial counts, weight, and inflammation of B. fragilis-E. coli abscesses after 3 and/or 5 days of treatment. A maximum 3.4 and 3.1 log10 reduction in CFU/abscess in the respective B. fragilis and E. coli bacterial counts was attained after 5 days of treatment with daily doses of 300 mg/kg. The peak serum concentration was more predictive for effect than the area under the concentration-time curve. The Cmax was the pharmacodynamic index most predictive for success, and the efficacy of the q24h regimens was significantly better than the q8h regimens. The antibiotic was ineffective against the VREF in mixed infection with B. fragilis, while the killing of the anaerobe in the same combination was significantly less than in the E. coli combination (P < 0.05). We conclude that this is a useful model for studying the activity of antimicrobials for the treatment of small (<1-cm), undrainable, mixed-infection abscesses. In addition, we have shown for the first time that a decrease in bacterial numbers also leads to a reduction in both abscess weight and inflammation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-01-4087665. Fax: 31-10-4089454. E-mail: stearne{at}kmic.fgg.eur.nl.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2001, p. 1394-1401, Vol. 45, No. 5
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.5.1394-1401.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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