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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2002, p. 3580-3584, Vol. 46, No. 11
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.11.3580-3584.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of Newer Fluoroquinolones against Vibrio vulnificus

Hung-Jen Tang,1 Ming-Chung Chang,2 Wen-Chien Ko,3 Kun-Yen Huang,4 Chih-Lung Lee,5 and Yin-Ching Chuang1,6*

Departments of Medicine,1 Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center,6 Departments of Biochemistry,2 Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan,3 Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institutes,4 Center for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwan5

Received 14 March 2002/ Returned for modification 4 June 2002/ Accepted 28 July 2002

The MICs of six fluoroquinolones as well as minocycline and cefotaxime for 46 clinical isolates of Vibrio vulnificus were determined by the agar dilution method. All the drugs tested had good activities against all isolates, with the MICs at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited (MIC90s) by five of the fluoroquinolones ranging between 0.03 and 0.06 µg/ml. The MIC90 of lomefloxacin, on the other hand, was 0.12 µg/ml. Time-kill studies were conducted with these agents and a clinical strain of V. vulnificus, VV5823. When approximately 5 x 105 CFU of V. vulnificus/ml was incubated with any one of the above-mentioned six fluoroquinolones at concentrations of two times the MIC, there was an inhibitory effect on V. vulnificus that persisted for more than 48 h with no noted regrowth. The efficacies of the fluoroquinolones were further evaluated in vivo in the mouse model of experimental V. vulnificus infection and compared to the efficacy of a combination therapy using cefotaxime plus minocycline. With an inoculum of 1.5 x 107 CFU, 28 (87.5%) of 32 mice in the cefotaxime-minocycline-treated group survived and 29 (91%) of the 32 mice in the moxifloxacin-treated group survived while none of the 32 mice in the control group did. With an inoculum of 3.5 x 107 CFU, the difference in survival rates among groups of 15 mice treated with levofloxacin (13 of 15), moxifloxacin (10 of 15), gatifloxacin (10 of 15), sparfloxacin (11 of 15), ciprofloxacin (12 of 15), or lomefloxacin (10 of 15) was not statistically significant while none of the 15 mice treated with saline survived. We concluded that the newer fluoroquinolones as single agents are as effective as the cefotaxime-minocycline combination in inhibiting V. vulnificus both in vitro and in vivo.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung-Hwa Rd., Yung-Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan 710. Phone: 886-6-281-2811, ext. 2612. Fax: 886-6-251-7849. E-mail: chuangkenneth{at}hotmail.com.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 2002, p. 3580-3584, Vol. 46, No. 11
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.11.3580-3584.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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