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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2002, p. 582-585, Vol. 46, No. 2
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.2.582-585.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Grepafloxacin, a Dimethyl Derivative of Ciprofloxacin, Acts Preferentially through Gyrase in Streptococcus pneumoniae: Role of the C-5 Group in Target Specificity

Julia E. Morris,1 Xiao-Su Pan,1 and L. Mark Fisher1*

Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom1

Received 30 July 2001/ Returned for modification 3 October 2001/ Accepted 9 November 2001

Grepafloxacin, a 5-methyl-7-piperazinyl-3"-methyl analogue of ciprofloxacin, was used to obtain stepwise-selected mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae 7785. Analysis of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes in these mutants revealed that gyrA mutations preceded those in parC. Given that ciprofloxacin (5-H,7-piperazinyl) and AM-1121 (5-H,7-piperazinyl-3"-methyl) both act through topoisomerase IV, we conclude that the 5-methyl group of grepafloxacin favors gyrase in S. pneumoniae.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Cranmer Terr., London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 208 725 5782. Fax: 44 208 725 2992. E-mail: lfisher{at}sghms.ac.uk.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, February 2002, p. 582-585, Vol. 46, No. 2
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.2.582-585.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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