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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2002, p. 2292-2298, Vol. 46, No. 7
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.7.2292-2298.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Comparative In Vitro Sensitivities of Human Immune Cell Lines, Vaginal and Cervical Epithelial Cell Lines, and Primary Cells to Candidate Microbicides Nonoxynol 9, C31G, and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Fred C. Krebs,¹ Shendra R. Miller,¹ Bradley J. Catalone,¹ Raina Fichorova,² Deborah Anderson,² Daniel Malamud,^3,4 Mary K. Howett,¹ and Brian Wigdahl^1*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033,¹ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,² Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine,³ Biosyn, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104⁴

Received 20 September 2001/ Returned for modification 27 December 2001/ Accepted 21 March 2002

In experiments to assess the in vitro impact of the candidate microbicides nonoxynol 9 (N-9), C31G, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on human immune and epithelial cell viability, cell lines and primary cell populations of lymphocytic and monocytic origin were generally shown to be equally sensitive to exposures ranging from 10 min to 48 h. However, U-937 cells were more sensitive to N-9 and C31G after 48 h than were primary monocyte-derived macrophages. Cytokine activation of monocytes and lymphocytes had no effect on cell viability following exposure to these microbicidal compounds. Primary and passaged vaginal epithelial cultures and cell lines differed in sensitivity to N-9 and C31G but not SDS. These studies provide a foundation for in vitro experiments in which cell lines of human immune and epithelial origin can be used as suitable surrogates for primary cells to further investigate the effects of microbicides on cell metabolism, membrane composition, and integrity and the effects of cell type, proliferation, and differentiation on microbicide sensitivity.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology (H107), 500 University Dr., P.O. Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033. Phone: (717) 531-8258. Fax: (717) 531-5580. E-mail: bwigdahl{at}psu.edu.

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2002, p. 2292-2298, Vol. 46, No. 7
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.7.2292-2298.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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