This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Maynard, C. Articles by Harel, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Maynard, C. Articles by Harel, J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 2003, p. 3214-3221, Vol. 47, No. 10
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.10.3214-3221.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O149:K91 Isolates Obtained over a 23-Year Period from Pigs

Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 7C6,¹ Biotechnology Research Institute, Montréal, Québec H4P 2R2,² Pavillon C.-E. Marchand, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1K 7P4, Canada³

Received 21 March 2003/ Returned for modification 6 May 2003/ Accepted 10 July 2003

A total of 112 Escherichia coli O149:K91 strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea in Quebec, Canada, between 1978 and 2000 were characterized for their genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles. Tests for resistance to 10 antimicrobial agents were conducted. Resistance to tetracycline and sulfonamides was found to be the most frequent, but resistance to cefotaxime and ceftiofur was absent. An increase in the number of isolates resistant to at least three antimicrobials was observed over time. The distribution of 28 resistance genes covering six antimicrobial families (beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, phenicols, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides) was assessed by colony hybridization. Significant differences in the distributions of tetracycline [tet(A), tet(B), tet(C)], trimethoprim (dhfrI, dhfrV, dhfrXIII), and sulfonamide (sulI, sulII) resistance genes were observed during the study period (1978 to 2000). Sixty percent of the isolates possessed a class 1 integron, illustrating the importance of integrons in the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains from pigs. Amplification of the integron's variable region resulted in four distinct fragments of 1, 1.3, 1.6, and 1.8 kb, with the 1.6- and 1.8-kb fragments appearing only during the last half of the study period. Examination of linkages among the different resistance genes showed a variety of positive and negative associations. Association analysis of isolates divided into two groups, those isolated between 1978 and 1989 and those isolated between 1990 and 2000, revealed the appearance of new positive resistance gene associations. Our genotypic resistance analyses of ETEC isolates from pigs indicate that many of the antibiotic resistance genes behind phenotypic resistance are not static but, rather, are in a state of flux driven by various selection forces such as the use of specific antimicrobials.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Pazhani, G. P., Niyogi, S. K., Singh, A. K., Sen, B., Taneja, N., Kundu, M., Yamasaki, S., Ramamurthy, T. (2008). Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Shigella species isolated from epidemic and endemic cases of shigellosis in India. J Med Microbiol 57: 856-863 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gow, S. P., Waldner, C. L., Harel, J., Boerlin, P. (2008). Associations between Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Fecal Generic Escherichia coli Isolates from Cow-Calf Herds in Western Canada. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 3658-3666 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jamalludeen, N., Kropinski, A. M., Johnson, R. P., Lingohr, E., Harel, J., Gyles, C. L. (2008). Complete Genomic Sequence of Bacteriophage {phi}EcoM-GJ1, a Novel Phage That Has Myovirus Morphology and a Podovirus-Like RNA Polymerase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 516-525 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kim, T.-E., Jeong, Y.-W., Cho, S.-H., Kim, S.-J., Kwon, H.-J. (2007). Chronological Study of Antibiotic Resistances and Their Relevant Genes in Korean Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45: 3309-3315 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ma, M., Wang, H., Yu, Y., Zhang, D., Liu, S. (2007). Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes of pathogenic Salmonella from swine with DNA microarray. jvdi 19: 161-167 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Travis, R. M., Gyles, C. L., Reid-Smith, R., Poppe, C., McEwen, S. A., Friendship, R., Janecko, N., Boerlin, P. (2006). Chloramphenicol and kanamycin resistance among porcine Escherichia coli in Ontario. J Antimicrob Chemother 58: 173-177 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bruant, G., Maynard, C., Bekal, S., Gaucher, I., Masson, L., Brousseau, R., Harel, J. (2006). Development and Validation of an Oligonucleotide Microarray for Detection of Multiple Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 3780-3784 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boerlin, P., Travis, R., Gyles, C. L., Reid-Smith, R., Heather Lim, N. J., Nicholson, V., McEwen, S. A., Friendship, R., Archambault, M. (2005). Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Swine in Ontario. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 6753-6761 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ahmed, A. M, Miyoshi, S.-i., Shinoda, S., Shimamoto, T. (2005). Molecular characterization of a multidrug-resistant strain of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O164 isolated in Japan. J Med Microbiol 54: 273-278 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Quinteira, S., Sousa, J. C., Peixe, L. (2005). Characterization of In100, a New Integron Carrying a Metallo-{beta}-Lactamase and a Carbenicillinase, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 451-453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Maynard, C., Bekal, S., Sanschagrin, F., Levesque, R. C., Brousseau, R., Masson, L., Lariviere, S., Harel, J. (2004). Heterogeneity among Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Profiles of Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Isolates of Animal and Human Origin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 5444-5452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Saenz, Y., Brinas, L., Dominguez, E., Ruiz, J., Zarazaga, M., Vila, J., Torres, C. (2004). Mechanisms of Resistance in Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains of Human, Animal, and Food Origins. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 3996-4001 [Abstract] [Full Text]