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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2003, p. 3724-3732, Vol. 47, No. 12
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.12.3724-3732.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of CTX-M Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Russian Hospitals

M. Edelstein,* M. Pimkin, I. Palagin, I. Edelstein, and L. Stratchounski

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical Academy, Smolensk 214019, Russia

Received 31 March 2003/ Returned for modification 7 July 2003/ Accepted 8 September 2003

A total of 904 consecutive nosocomial isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from 28 Russian hospitals were screened for production of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs). The ESBL phenotype was detected in 78 (15.8%) E. coli and 248 (60.8%) K. pneumoniae isolates. One hundred fifteen isolates carried the genes for CTX-M-type ß-lactamases, which, as shown by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, were distributed into the two genetic groups of CTX-M-1 (93%)- and CTX-M-2 (7%)-related enzymes. Isolates producing the enzymes of the first group were found in 20 hospitals from geographically distant regions of the country and were characterized by considerable diversity of genetic types, as was demonstrated by enterobacterial repetitive consensus PCR typing. Within this group the CTX-M-3 and the CTX-M-15 ß-lactamases were identified. In contrast, the enzymes of the CTX-M-2 group (namely, CTX-M-5) were detected only in eight clonally related E. coli isolates from a single hospital. Notably, the levels of resistance to ceftazidime were remarkably variable among the CTX-M producers. This study provides further evidence of the global dissemination of CTX-M type ESBLs and emphasizes the need for their epidemiological monitoring.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical Academy, P.O. Box 5, 28, Krupskaya St., Smolensk 214019, Russia. Phone: 7-0812-611301. Fax: 7-0812-611294. E-mail: me{at}antibiotic.ru.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2003, p. 3724-3732, Vol. 47, No. 12
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.12.3724-3732.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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