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Activities of Temporin Family Peptides against the Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) Associated with Global Amphibian Declines

Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232,¹ Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309,² Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,³ Protein Analysis Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm,⁴ Department of Clinical Virology-F68, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden,⁷ Faculty of Chemistry and Regional Laboratory, Jagellonian University, PL-30-060 Cracow, Poland,⁵ Protein and Peptide Laboratory, Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, FIN-00014 Helsinki University, Finland⁶

Received 3 June 2002/ Returned for modification 21 October 2002/ Accepted 16 December 2002

Temporin A and structurally related peptides produced in amphibian dermal granular glands and in wasp venom were tested for growth inhibition of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a pathogen associated with global amphibian declines. Two natural amphibian temporins, a wasp temporin, and six synthetic analogs effectively inhibited growth. Differences in potency due to amino acid substitution suggest that ability to penetrate membranes and form an -helical structure is important for their effectiveness against this pathogen.

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