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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2003, p. 1308-1312, Vol. 47, No. 4
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.4.1308-1312.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Bactericidal Activities of Methoxyfluoroquinolones Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin against Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiratory Pathogens in Serum

Gary E. Stein,1* Sharon Schooley,1 Kerin L. Tyrrell,2 Diane M. Citron,2 and Ellie J. C. Goldstein2

Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824,1 R. M. Alden Research Lab, Santa Monica, California 904042

Received 13 June 2002/ Returned for modification 21 October 2002/ Accepted 31 December 2002

Gatifloxacin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) and moxifloxacin (Bayer) are new methoxyfluoroquinolones with broad-spectrum activity against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens of the respiratory tract. In this investigation, we analyzed the bactericidal activity in serum over time of these antimicrobials against three aerobic (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus) and four anaerobic (Peptostreptococcus micros, Peptostreptococcus magnus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella melaninogenica) bacteria associated with respiratory tract infections. Serum samples were obtained from 11 healthy male subjects following a single 400-mg oral dose of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin. These samples were collected prior to and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after the dose of each drug. Gatifloxacin exhibited bactericidal activity for a median of 12 h against Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC = 0.5 µg/ml), Peptostreptococcus micros (MIC = 0.25 µg/ml), and F. nucleatum (MIC = 0.5 µg/ml) and 24 h against H. influenzae (MIC = 0.03 µg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.125 µg/ml), Peptostreptococcus magnus (MIC = 0.125 µg/ml), and Prevotella melaninogenica (MIC = 0.5 µg/ml). Moxifloxacin exhibited bactericidal activity for a median of 24 h against Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC = 0.125 µg/ml), H. influenzae (MIC = 0.015 µg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.06 µg/ml), F. nucleatum (MIC = 0.5 µg/ml), Prevotella melaninogenica (MIC =0.5 µg/ml), Peptostreptococcus magnus (MIC = 0.125 µg/ml), and Peptostreptococcus micros (MIC = 0.25 µg/ml). The results from this pharmacodynamic study suggest that these fluoroquinolones would have prolonged killing activity against these organisms in vivo and may have clinical utility in the treatment of mixed aerobic-anaerobic respiratory tract infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, B-332 Life Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Phone: (517) 353-5126. Fax: (517) 353-1922. E-mail: steing{at}msu.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2003, p. 1308-1312, Vol. 47, No. 4
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.4.1308-1312.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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