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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2003, p. 1689-1693, Vol. 47, No. 5
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.5.1689-1693.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Baseline Study To Determine In Vitro Activities of Daptomycin against Gram-Positive Pathogens Isolated in the United States in 2000-2001

Ian A. Critchley,1 Renée S. Blosser-Middleton,1 Mark E. Jones,2 Clyde Thornsberry,3 Daniel F. Sahm,1 and James A. Karlowsky1*

Focus Technologies, Inc., Herndon, Virginia,1 Focus Technologies, Hilversum, The Netherlands,2 Focus Technologies, Franklin, Tennessee3

Received 16 August 2002/ Returned for modification 11 February 2003/ Accepted 21 February 2002

The activity of daptomycin was assessed by using 6,973 gram-positive bacteria isolated at 50 United States hospitals in 2000 and 2001. Among the isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 1,163) collected, the rate of penicillin resistance was 16.1%; rates of oxacillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates (n = 1,018) and vancomycin resistance among Enterococcus faecium isolates (n = 368) were 30.0 and 59.5%, respectively. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes (isolates resistant to three or more different chemical classes of antimicrobial agents) accounted for 14.2% of S. pneumoniae isolates, 27.1% of S. aureus isolates, and 58.4% of E. faecium isolates. For all gram-positive species tested, MICs at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited (MIC90s) and MIC ranges for directed-spectrum agents (daptomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid) were identical or highly similar for isolates susceptible or resistant to other agents or MDR. Daptomycin had a MIC90 of 0.12 µg/ml for both penicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates of S. pneumoniae. Against oxacillin-resistant S. aureus daptomycin had a MIC90 of 0.5 µg/ml, and it had a MIC90 of 4 µg/ml against both vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant E. faecium. The MIC90s for daptomycin and other directed-spectrum agents were unaffected by the regional or anatomical origin of isolates or patient demographic parameters (patient age, gender, and inpatient or outpatient care). Our results confirm the gram-positive spectrum of activity of daptomycin and that its activity is independent of susceptibility or resistance to commonly prescribed and tested antimicrobial agents. This study may serve as a baseline to monitor future changes in the susceptibility of gram-positive species to daptomycin following its introduction into clinical use.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Focus Technologies, Inc., 13665 Dulles Technology Dr., Suite 200, Herndon, VA 20171. Phone: (703) 480-2500. Fax: (703) 480-2670. E-mail: jkarlowsky{at}focusanswers.com.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2003, p. 1689-1693, Vol. 47, No. 5
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.5.1689-1693.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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