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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, June 2003, p. 1952-1957, Vol. 47, No. 6
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.6.1952-1957.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of the Electroencephalogram Effect of Norfloxacin in Rats

Marylore Chenel,¹ Agnès Barbot,^1,2 Antoine Dupuis,^1,3 Olivier Mimoz,^1,2 Joël Paquereau,⁴ Serge Bouquet,^1,5, and William Couet^1*

EE Médicaments Anti-Infectieux et Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique,¹ Equipe Sommeil: Attention et Respiration, PBS, Faculté de Médecine & Pharmacie, 86022 Poitiers Cedex,⁴ Département d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation Chirurgicale,² Pharmacie Centrale,³ Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, CHU La Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers Cedex, France⁵

Received 22 October 2002/ Returned for modification 25 January 2003/ Accepted 4 March 2003

A previously developed pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling approach was used to investigate the epileptogenic activity of norfloxacin as a representative antibiotic with concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity. Rats received an intravenous infusion of norfloxacin at a rate of 5 mg kg of body weight^-1 min^-1 over 30 min. Blood samples were collected for drug assay, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded during infusion and postinfusion. An important delay was observed between concentrations of norfloxacin in plasma and the EEG effect. Indirect effect models failed to describe these data, which were successfully fitted by using an effect compartment model with a spline function to describe the relationship between effect and concentration at the effect site, as previously observed with imipenem. The robustness of the PK-PD model was then assessed by keeping the dose constant but increasing the duration of infusion to 120 and 240 min. Although this was accompanied by PK modifications, PD parameters did not vary significantly, and the PK-PD model still applied. In conclusion, the successful PK-PD modeling of the norfloxacin EEG effect in rats should be considered to predict and reduce the epileptogenic risk associated with this antibiotic as a representative fluoroquinolone (E. Fuseau and L. B. Sheiner, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 35:733-741, 1984).

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: EE Médicament Anti-infectieux et Barrière Hémato Encéphalique, PBS, Faculté de Médecine & Pharmacie, 40 Ave. du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France. Phone: 33 5 49 45 43 79. Fax: 33 5 49 45 43 78. E-mail: william.couet{at}univ-poitiers.fr.

Deceased.

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, June 2003, p. 1952-1957, Vol. 47, No. 6
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.6.1952-1957.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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