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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2003, p. 2334-2338, Vol. 47, No. 7
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.7.2334-2338.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro Activities of Ramoplanin, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Bacitracin, and Four Other Antimicrobials against Intestinal Anaerobic Bacteria

D. M. Citron,* C. V. Merriam, K. L. Tyrrell, Y. A. Warren, H. Fernandez, and E. J. C. Goldstein

R.M. Alden Research Laboratory, Santa Monica, California

Received 6 December 2002/ Returned for modification 30 January 2003/ Accepted 1 April 2003

By using an agar dilution method, the in vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, and five other agents were determined against 300 gram-positive and 54 gram-negative strains of intestinal anaerobes. Ramoplanin was active at ≤2 µg/ml against 287 of 300 (95.7%) gram-positive organisms, including 18 strains of Clostridium difficile for which MICs of ramoplanin were 0.25 to 0.5 µg/ml; for 3 of these, linezolid MICs were 8 to 16 µg/ml. Nineteen Clostridium innocuum strains for which the vancomycin MIC at which 90% of strains were inhibited was 16 µg/ml were susceptible to ramoplanin at 0.06 to 0.25 µg/ml and to teicoplanin at 0.125 to 1.0 µg/ml. All strains of Eubacterium, Actinomyces, Propionibacterium, and Peptostreptococcus spp. were inhibited by ≤0.25 µg of ramoplanin per ml and ≤1 µg of vancomycin per ml. Ramoplanin was also active at ≤4 µg/ml against 15 of 22 of the Prevotella and Porphyromonas strains tested, but ramoplanin MICs for all 31 strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group, the Fusobacterium mortiferum-Fusobacterium varium group, and Veillonella spp. were ≥256 µg/ml. Ramoplanin displays excellent activity against C. difficile and other gram-positive enteric anaerobes, including vancomycin-resistant strains; however, it has poor activity against most gram-negative anaerobes and thus potentially has a lesser effect on the ecological balance of normal fecal flora.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Alden Research Laboratory; 2001 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 685W, Santa Monica, CA 90404. Phone: (310) 453-7820. Fax: (310) 453-7670. E-mail: d.m.citron{at}verizon.net.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2003, p. 2334-2338, Vol. 47, No. 7
0066-4804/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.7.2334-2338.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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