This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Alcaide, F.
Right arrow Articles by Martín, R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Alcaide, F.
Right arrow Articles by Martín, R.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2004, p. 4562-4565, Vol. 48, No. 12
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.12.4562-4565.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Comparative In Vitro Activities of Linezolid, Telithromycin, Clarithromycin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Four Conventional Antimycobacterial Drugs against Mycobacterium kansasii

Fernando Alcaide,1* Laura Calatayud,1 Miguel Santín,2 and Rogelio Martín1

Departments of Microbiology,1 Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain2

Received 16 June 2004/ Returned for modification 21 July 2004/ Accepted 19 August 2004

Mycobacterium kansasii is one of the most pathogenic and frequent nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from humans. Patients with adverse drug reactions, resistant isolates, or suboptimal response require alternative treatment regimens. One hundred forty-eight consecutive clinical isolates of M. kansasii were tested for antimicrobial susceptibilities by the BACTEC 460 system (NCCLS) with two different inoculation protocols, one conventional and one alternative. In the alternative protocol, the inoculum 12B vial was incubated until the growth index was between 250 and 500. Four conventional antimycobacterial drugs (isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin, and ethambutol) were studied with standard critical concentrations. The in vitro activities of linezolid, telithromycin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin were determined by measuring radiometric MICs. All isolates tested were identified as M. kansasii genotype I and were resistant to isoniazid at a concentration of 0.4 µg/ml. One hundred twenty isolates (81.1%) were inhibited by 1 µg of isoniazid per ml. A high level of resistance to isoniazid (>10 µg/ml) was observed in six isolates (4.1%). Only five strains (3.4%) were resistant to rifampin (>1 µg/ml). All isolates studied were susceptible to streptomycin and ethambutol. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (in micrograms per milliliter) were as follows: linezolid, 1 (range, ≤0.25 to 2); telithromycin, >16 (range, 4 to >16); clarithromycin, 0.5 (range, ≤0.03 to 1); levofloxacin, 0.12 (range, 0.12 to 0.25); and moxifloxacin, 0.06 (range, ≤0.06 to 0.12). The susceptibility testing results with both inoculation protocols showed perfect correlation. In conclusion, all M. kansasii isolates showed decreased susceptibility to isoniazid, but resistance to rifampin was infrequent. Quinolones, especially moxifloxacin, were the most active antimicrobial agents tested, followed by clarithromycin. Linezolid also showed good activity against these microorganisms, but telithromycin's in vitro activity was poor.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Phone: 34-93-2607930. Fax: 34-93-2607547. E-mail: falcaide{at}csub.scs.es.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2004, p. 4562-4565, Vol. 48, No. 12
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.12.4562-4565.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Wu, T.-S., Leu, H.-S., Chiu, C.-H., Lee, M.-H., Chiang, P.-C., Wu, T.-L., Chia, J.-H., Su, L.-H., Kuo, A.-J., Lai, H.-C. (2009). Clinical manifestations, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular analysis of Mycobacterium kansasii isolates from a university hospital in Taiwan. J Antimicrob Chemother 64: 511-514 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Santin, M., Dorca, J., Alcaide, F., Gonzalez, L., Casas, S., Lopez, M., Guerra, M. R. (2009). Long-term relapses after 12-month treatment for Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease. Eur Respir J 33: 148-152 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Field, S. K., Cowie, R. L. (2006). Lung Disease Due to the More Common Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Chest 129: 1653-1672 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»