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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, March 2004, p. 832-837, Vol. 48, No. 3
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.3.832-837.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of Antimicrobials against Nocardia brasiliensis

Alejandra Gomez-Flores,1 Oliverio Welsh,1 Salvador Said-Fernández,2 Gerardo Lozano-Garza,2 Roman Erick Tavarez-Alejandro,1 and Lucio Vera-Cabrera1*

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "José E. González,",1 Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, IMSS, Monterrey, N.L., México2

Received 4 August 2003/ Returned for modification 14 October 2003/ Accepted 11 November 2003

In Mexico mycetomas are mostly produced by Nocardia brasiliensis, which can be isolated from about 86% of cases. In the present work, we determined the sensitivities of 30 N. brasiliensis strains isolated from patients with mycetoma to several groups of antimicrobials. As a first screening step we carried out disk diffusion assays with 44 antimicrobials, including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, penicillins, quinolones, macrolides, and some others. In these assays we observed that some antimicrobials have an effect on more than 66% of the strains: linezolid, amikacin, gentamicin, isepamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin, minocycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, nitroxolin, and spiramycin. Drug activity was confirmed quantitatively by the broth microdilution method. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, linezolid, and amikacin, which have been used to treat patients, were tested in an experimental model of mycetoma in BALB/c mice in order to validate the in vitro results. Linezolid showed the highest activity in vivo, followed by the combination amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and amikacin.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, U.A.N.L., Madero y Gonzalitos, Colonia Mitras Centro, C.P. 64460, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico. Phone: 5281 8348 0383. Fax: 5281 8348 44 07. E-mail: luvera_99{at}yahoo.com.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, March 2004, p. 832-837, Vol. 48, No. 3
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.3.832-837.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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