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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2004, p. 1402-1405, Vol. 48, No. 4
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.4.1402-1405.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

First-Choice Antibiotics at Subinhibitory Concentrations Induce Persistence of Chlamydia pneumoniae

Jens Gieffers,1* Jan Rupp,1 Andreas Gebert,2 Werner Solbach,1 and Matthias Klinger2

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene,1 Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany2

Received 19 August 2003/ Returned for modification 5 November 2003/ Accepted 24 November 2003

Persistent growth forms of Chlamydia pneumoniae have been associated with chronic infections in vivo. We investigated the effects of first-line therapeutics on the induction of persistence by monitoring recoverable organisms, gene expression of membrane proteins, and morphology. We found that all of the antibiotics tested have distinct and subinhibitory concentrations at which they induce persistence.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. Phone: 49/451/5004409. Fax: 49/451/5002808. E-mail: Jens.Gieffers{at}hygiene.ukl.mu-luebeck.de.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2004, p. 1402-1405, Vol. 48, No. 4
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.4.1402-1405.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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