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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2004, p. 3122-3126, Vol. 48, No. 8
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.8.3122-3126.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Distribution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Mutation Patterns in 4,183 Persons Undergoing Genotypic Resistance Testing
Soo-Yon Rhee, Tommy Liu, Jaideep Ravela, Matthew J. Gonzales, and Robert W. Shafer*
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
Received 30 December 2003/
Returned for modification 20 February 2004/
Accepted 29 March 2004
In a sample of 6,156 sequences from 4,183 persons, the top 30 patterns of protease inhibitor, nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, and nonnucleoside RT inhibitor mutations accounted for 55, 46, and 66%, respectively, of sequences with drug resistance mutations. Characterization of the phenotypic and clinical significance of these common patterns may lead to improved treatment recommendations for a large proportion of patients for whom antiretroviral therapy is failing.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Room S-169, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305. Phone: (650) 725-2946. Fax: (650) 725-2088. E-mail:
rshafer{at}stanford.edu.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2004, p. 3122-3126, Vol. 48, No. 8
0066-4804/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.8.3122-3126.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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