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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, March 2005, p. 1257-1261, Vol. 49, No. 3
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.3.1257-1261.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Epidemiology and Prevalence of Macrolide Efflux Genes mef(A) and mef(E) in Streptococcus pneumoniae Obtained in Canada from 1997 to 2002

Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba,³ Departments of Medicine,² Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre,¹ Health Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada⁴

Received 30 March 2004/ Returned for modification 26 June 2004/ Accepted 28 October 2004

One hundred forty M phenotype Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Molecular genotyping revealed that the predominant macrolide resistance mechanism in S. pneumoniae in Canada is mef(E) and resistance dissemination is due to both spread of the genetic element MEGA as well as clonal dissemination of penicillin- and/or macrolide-resistant strains.

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