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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2005, p. 1701-1707, Vol. 49, No. 5
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.1701-1707.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antifungal Therapy of Experimental Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis Due to Cladophialophora bantiana

Hail M. Al-Abdely,1,2* Laura K. Najvar,1 Rosie Bocanegra,1 and John R. Graybill1

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas,1 Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia2

Received 18 September 2004/ Returned for modification 15 October 2004/ Accepted 3 January 2005

Cladophialophora bantiana is associated with central nervous system infection and a poor outcome. C. bantiana tends to be resistant to amphotericin B. Accordingly, we evaluated amphotericin B and three triazoles—posaconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole—for treatment of C. bantiana infection in mice. In immunosuppressed ICR mice infected intravenously, posaconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B prolonged survival. This improvement in survival corresponded with a reduction in brain fungal concentrations for mice which were given itraconazole and posaconazole, but not amphotericin B. In nonimmunosuppressed BALB/c mice infected intracerebrally, posaconazole showed dose-dependent responses in survival and reduction of brain tissue counts. These responses were observed for short, delayed, and prolonged therapy. Although posaconazole prolonged the survival of mice with reductions in brain fungal counts, it did not sterilize brain tissue with continuous therapy for 8 weeks. We concluded that posaconazole shows promise for the treatment of C. bantiana brain infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (MBC 46), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 1211, Saudi Arabia. Phone: (966) 1-442-7494. Fax: (966) 1-442-7499. E-mail: abdely{at}kfshrc.edu.sa.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2005, p. 1701-1707, Vol. 49, No. 5
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.1701-1707.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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