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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2005, p. 3187-3191, Vol. 49, No. 8
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.8.3187-3191.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations of the Activities of Lauric Acid Monoester Formulations against Staphylococcus aureus

Mark S. Rouse,1,{dagger} Margalida Rotger,1,{dagger} Kerryl E. Piper,1 James M. Steckelberg,1 Matthew Scholz,3 Jeffrey Andrews,3 and Robin Patel1,2*

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine,1 Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota,2 3M Company, Maplewood, Minnesota3

Received 10 August 2004/ Returned for modification 3 October 2004/ Accepted 11 April 2005

Due to increasing mupirocin resistance, alternatives for Staphylococcus aureus nasal decolonization are needed. Lauric acid monoesters combined with lactic, mandelic, malic, or benzoic acid are being evaluated as possible alternatives. We determined the in vitro activity of 13 lauric acid monoester (LAM) formulations and mupirocin against 30 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates and 30 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates. We then used a murine model of MRSA nasopharyngeal colonization to compare the in vivo activity of mupirocin with three LAM formulations. MSSA and MRSA MIC90 values were 0.25 µg/ml for mupirocin and ≤4 µl/ml for all LAM formulations tested. Hsd:ICR mice were challenged with 108 CFU/naris MRSA. Five days later, S. aureus colonization was documented by culture. Treatment with bland, mupirocin, or one of three LAM ointments was then administered unblinded thrice daily for 2 days. Three days after treatment, both anterior nares were cultured for S. aureus. Administration of 128774-49E or 128774-53A was associated with greater eradication of MRSA carriage (24/34 [71%] or 33/40 [83%]) of animals, respectively) than bland ointment (12/38 [32%]) (P < 0.005). 128774-53A administration resulted in greater MRSA carriage eradication than mupirocin (19/38 [50%]) (P < 0.005) in this model. LAM formulations warrant evaluation for S. aureus nasal decolonization in humans.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905. Phone: (507) 255-6482. Fax: (507) 255-7767. E-mail: patel.robin{at}mayo.edu.

{dagger} Both authors contributed equally.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2005, p. 3187-3191, Vol. 49, No. 8
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.8.3187-3191.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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