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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2005, p. 3554-3557, Vol. 49, No. 8
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.8.3554-3557.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Novel Mechanism of Resistance to Oxazolidinones, Macrolides, and Chloramphenicol in Ribosomal Protein L4 of the Pneumococcus

Nicole Wolter,1* Anthony M. Smith,1 David J. Farrell,2 William Schaffner,3 Matthew Moore,4 Cynthia G. Whitney,4 James H. Jorgensen,5 and Keith P. Klugman1,6

MRC/NICD/WITS Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa,1 GR Micro Ltd., London, United Kingdom,2 Department of Preventive Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee,3 Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,4 Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas,5 Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, and Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia6

Received 16 February 2005/ Returned for modification 18 March 2005/ Accepted 21 May 2005

Two clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, identified as resistant to macrolides and chloramphenicol and nonsusceptible to linezolid, were found to contain 6-bp deletions in the gene encoding riboprotein L4. The gene transformed susceptible strain R6 so that it exhibited such resistance, with the transformants also showing a fitness cost. We demonstrate a novel bacterial mechanism of resistance to chloramphenicol and nonsusceptibility to linezolid.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, P.O. Box 1038, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa. Phone: 27 11 489 9335. Fax: 27 11 489 9332. E-mail: nicole.edmondson{at}nhls.ac.za.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2005, p. 3554-3557, Vol. 49, No. 8
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.8.3554-3557.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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