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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2006, p. 1263-1267, Vol. 50, No. 4
0066-4804/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.50.4.1263-1267.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Garenoxacin Treatment of Experimental Endocarditis Caused by Viridans Group Streptococci

Paloma Anguita-Alonso,1 Mark S. Rouse,1 Kerryl E. Piper,1 James M. Steckelberg,1 and Robin Patel1,2*

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,1 Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota2

Received 23 June 2005/ Returned for modification 3 October 2005/ Accepted 27 January 2006

The activity of garenoxacin was compared to that of levofloxacin or penicillin in a rabbit model of Streptococcus mitis group (penicillin MIC, 0.125 µg/ml) and Streptococcus sanguinis group (penicillin MIC, 0.25 µg/ml) endocarditis. Garenoxacin and levofloxacin had MICs of 0.125 and 0.5 µg/ml, respectively, for both study isolates. Rabbits with catheter-induced aortic valve endocarditis were given no treatment, penicillin at 1.2 x 106 IU/8 h intramuscularly, garenoxacin at 20 mg/kg of body weight/12 h intravenously, or levofloxacin at 40 mg/kg/12 h intravenously. For both isolates tested, garenoxacin area under the curve (AUC)/MIC and maximum concentration of drug in serum (Cmax)/MIC ratios were 368 and 91, respectively. Rabbits were sacrificed after 3 days of treatment; cardiac valve vegetations were aseptically removed and quantitatively cultured. For S. mitis group experimental endocarditis, all studied antimicrobial agents were more active than no treatment (P < 0.001), whereas for S. sanguinis group endocarditis, no studied antimicrobial agents were more active than no treatment. We conclude that AUC/MIC and Cmax/MIC ratios may not predict activity of some quinolones in experimental viridans group endocarditis and that garenoxacin and levofloxacin may not be ideal choices for serious infections caused by some quinolone-susceptible viridans group streptococci.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905. Phone: (507) 255-6482. Fax: (507) 284-9066. E-mail: patel.robin{at}mayo.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2006, p. 1263-1267, Vol. 50, No. 4
0066-4804/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.50.4.1263-1267.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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