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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2006, p. 1546-1549, Vol. 50, No. 4
0066-4804/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.50.4.1546-1549.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Quadruple Mutations in Dihydrofolate Reductase of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Car Nicobar Island, India

Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India,¹ Malaria Research Centre, 22 Shamnath Marg, Delhi 110054, India,² Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India³

Received 1 December 2005/ Returned for modification 3 January 2006/ Accepted 17 January 2006

Quadruple mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (PFDHFR) enzyme give rise to the highest level of pyrimethamine resistance leading to treatment failures. We describe here the presence of these quadruple mutations in a majority of P. falciparum isolates from Car Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar) Island, India. Isolates from the mainland, however, continue to show a prevalence of double PFDHFR mutations and some with triple but none with quadruple mutations. In conclusion, the antifolate drug pressure is very high in the island, which should be a cause of concern for the malaria control program in the country.

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