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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2006, p. 1768-1772, Vol. 50, No. 5
0066-4804/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.50.5.1768-1772.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Poly(I)-Poly(C12U) but Not Ribavirin Prevents Death in a Hamster Model of Nipah Virus Infection

M. C. Georges-Courbot,1* H. Contamin,1 C. Faure,1 P. Loth,1 S. Baize,1 P. Leyssen,2 J. Neyts,2 and V. Deubel1,{dagger}

Unité de Biologie des infections virales émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Laboratoire P4, Jean Mérieux Inserm, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 128-Biosciences Lyon Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon, France,1 Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium2

Received 13 September 2005/ Returned for modification 8 December 2005/ Accepted 15 February 2006

Clinical nonrandomized trials demonstrate some efficacy for ribavirin in the treatment of patients with severe Nipah virus-induced encephalitis. We report here that EICAR, the 5-ethynyl analogue of ribavirin, and the OMP-decarboxylase inhibitors 6-aza-uridine and pyrazofurin have strong antiviral activity against Nipah virus replication in vitro. Ribavirin and 6-aza-uridine were tested further in hamsters infected with a lethal dose of Nipah virus. The activity of these small-molecule inhibitors was compared with that of the interferon inducer poly(I)-poly(C12U). Both ribavirin and 6-aza-uridine were able to delay but not prevent Nipah virus-induced mortality. Poly(I)-poly(C12U), at 3 mg/kg of body weight daily from the day of infection to 10 days postinfection, prevented mortality in 5 of 6 infected animals.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité de Biologie des infections virales émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Laboratoire P4, Jean Mérieux Inserm, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 128-Biosciences Lyon Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365 Lyon, France. Phone: 33 4 37 28 24 43. Fax: 33 4 37 28 24 41. E-mail: mgeorges{at}cervi-lyon.inserm.fr.

{dagger} Present address: Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 225 South Chongqin Road, 200025 Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2006, p. 1768-1772, Vol. 50, No. 5
0066-4804/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.50.5.1768-1772.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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