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Transcriptional Response of Candida parapsilosis following Exposure to Farnesol ^,

Tristan Rossignol,^1, Mary E. Logue,¹ Kieran Reynolds,¹ Muriel Grenon,² Noel F. Lowndes,² and Geraldine Butler^1*

UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland,¹ Genome Stability Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland²

Received 17 November 2006/ Returned for modification 9 January 2007/ Accepted 28 April 2007

In Candida albicans, the quorum-sensing molecule farnesol inhibits the transition from yeast to hyphae but has no effect on cellular growth. We show that the addition of exogenous farnesol to cultures of Candida parapsilosis causes the cells to arrest, but not at a specific stage in the cell cycle. The cells are not susceptible to additional farnesol. However, the cells do eventually recover from arrest. Unlike in C. albicans, in C. parapsilosis sterols are localized to the tips of budding cells, and this polarization is disrupted by the addition of farnesol. We used the results of a genome sequence survey to design and manufacture partial genomic microarrays that were applied to determining the transcriptional response of C. parapsilosis to the presence of exogenous farnesol. In both C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, exposure to farnesol results in increased expression of the oxidoreductases GRP2 and ADH7 and altered expression of genes involved in sterol metabolism. There is no effect on expression of C. parapsilosis orthologs of genes involved in hyphal growth in C. albicans. Farnesol therefore differs significantly in its effects on C. parapsilosis and C. albicans.

Published ahead of print on 7 May 2007.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aac.asm.org/.

Present address: Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, INRA USC 2019, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.

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