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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2009, p. 1592-1597, Vol. 53, No. 4
0066-4804/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.01242-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin against Helicobacter pylori Isolates from India and during Infections in Mice{triangledown}

Ronita De,1 Parag Kundu,2 Snehasikta Swarnakar,2 T. Ramamurthy,1 Abhijit Chowdhury,3 G. Balakrish Nair,1 and Asish K. Mukhopadhyay1*

National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, India,1 Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India,2 School of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India3

Received 18 September 2008/ Returned for modification 29 October 2008/ Accepted 28 January 2009

Treatment failure is a major cause of concern for the Helicobacter pylori-related gastroduodenal diseases like gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Curcumin, diferuloylmethane from turmeric, has recently been shown to arrest H. pylori growth. The antibacterial activity of curcumin against 65 clinical isolates of H. pylori in vitro and during protection against H. pylori infection in vivo was examined. The MIC of curcumin ranges from 5 µg/ml to 50 µg/ml, showing its effectiveness in inhibiting H. pylori growth in vitro irrespective of the genetic makeup of the strains. The nucleotide sequences of the aroE genes, encoding shikimate dehydrogenase, against which curcumin seems to act as a noncompetitive inhibitor, from H. pylori strains presenting differential curcumin MICs showed that curcumin-mediated growth inhibition of Indian H. pylori strains may not be always dependent on the shikimate pathway. The antimicrobial effect of curcumin in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice and its efficacy in reducing the gastric damage due to infection were examined histologically. Curcumin showed immense therapeutic potential against H. pylori infection as it was highly effective in eradication of H. pylori from infected mice as well as in restoration of H. pylori-induced gastric damage. This study provides novel insights into the therapeutic effect of curcumin against H. pylori infection, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapy, and opens the way for further studies on identification of novel antimicrobial targets of curcumin.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P 33, CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, India. Phone: 91-33-2350-1176. Fax: 91-33-2370-5066. E-mail: asish_mukhopadhyay{at}yahoo.com

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 9 February 2009.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2009, p. 1592-1597, Vol. 53, No. 4
0066-4804/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.01242-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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