Previous Article
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2000, p. 3483-3484, Vol. 44, No. 12
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Isolation of an SHV-12 
-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia
coli Strain from a Dog with Recurrent Urinary Tract
Infections
 |
LETTER |
An Escherichia coli strain (EC98/4153-2) was isolated
in 1998 (by the Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Complutense
University, Veterinary Hospital, Madrid, Spain) from a urine specimen
from a dog with a recurrent urinary tract infection, and this strain was submitted to the Network of Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (VAV). This strain showed resistance (8) to
amoxicillin, cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam, but
it was susceptible to cefoxitin, imipenem, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Table 1). The same resistance
phenotype was detected by the disk diffusion method. Extended-spectrum
-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in this strain by
double-disk synergy tests (with cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic
acid, and ceftazidime disks) (3).
In order to characterize the -lactamase synthesized by
E. coli 4153-2, blaSHV and
blaTEM genes were PCR amplified using
specific primers and conditions as previously described
(11). TEM -lactamase PCR amplification was negative,
while a positive amplicon was obtained for SHV -lactamase; this SHV
PCR product was purified, and both strands were automatically sequenced
(ABI prism 310; Perkin-Elmer). The deduced amino acid sequence of the
SHV amplicon corresponded to the SHV-12 type -lactamase,
previously described (9). This SHV-12 -lactamase is
characterized by three point mutations in the SHV-1 precursor (Gln35,
Ser238, and Lys240), according to Ambler nomenclature (1).
SHV-12 -lactamase was first described in 1997 for E. coli
and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of human clinical origin
in Switzerland (9). Then, it was also detected in human
clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae, E. coli, and
Enterobacter cloacae in Korea, Taiwan, and Italy (3-6,
10, 12). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an
SHV-12-producing member of Enterobacteriaceae of animal
origin. Bradford et al. (2) characterized expanded-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in E. coli isolates obtained from
sick animals; overexpression of AmpC -lactamase in addition to
TEM-type enzymes was the probable mechanism of resistance in these
strains. In general, there are very few data about expanded-spectrum
cephalosporin resistance in E. coli of animal origin. This
could be due to the fact that veterinary routine antimicrobial testing
does not include those compounds. Indeed, the antimicrobial panels
employed by VAV are pioneering the testing of antimicrobials in
animals (7).
It has been shown that disk diffusion methods are not sufficiently
sensitive for detection of SHV ESBL-producing isolates (9).
Nevertheless, the criteria mentioned by Nüesch-Inderbinen et al.
(9)
inhibitory zone diameters of <21 mm for cefotaxime and
<16 mm for ceftazidimewould be sufficient for detecting this strain,
since it shows values of 19 and 13 mm, respectively. Other strains
fulfilling these criteria are being analyzed by VAV.
Several questions arise from this finding, especially those related to
the origin of this strain. The clinical history of the dog indicated
that it had had recurrent urinary tract infections since 1992 and that
it had received different antibiotic treatments over the years, such as
cephalexin (in 1992); furantoin (in 1994); ampicillin,
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and trimethoprim-sulfonamides (in 1995 and 1996); and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and furantoin (in 1998).
Treatment with expanded-spectrum cephalosporins is not recorded in the
dog's clinical history, although the possibility that the dog
had been also treated by other clinicians cannot be excluded. Besides,
this strain was also resistant to other antimicrobials, such as
nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline,
trimethoprim, and sulfonamides (Table 1), and cross-selection by any of these antimicrobials cannot be excluded. Interestingly, a new
urine sample from the dog was analyzed 1 year later, and the new
E. coli strain isolated showed a different antimicrobial susceptibility profile, suggesting that the original SHV-12-producing strain was not able to persist in the animal's body.
This finding is proof of the need to coordinate surveillance of
antimicrobial resistance among humans and animals and shows that a
putative reservoir of unknown origin (human or animal) could be present
in pet animals, which are in close contact with humans.
| |
FOOTNOTES |
*
Phone: 34-91-3943721 Fax:
34-91-3943908 E-mail: mamoreno{at}eucmax.sim.ucm.es
| |
REFERENCES |
| 1.
|
Ambler, R. P.,
A. F. W. Coulson,
J. M. Frère,
J. M. Ghuysen,
B. Joris,
M. Forsman,
R. C. Levesque,
G. Tiraby, and S. G. Waley.
1991.
A standard numbering scheme for the class A -lactamases.
Biochem. J.
276:269-272.
|
| 2.
|
Bradford, P. A.,
P. J. Petersen,
I. M. Fingerman, and D. G. White.
1999.
Characterization of expanded-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in E. coli isolates associated with bovine calf diarrhoeal disease.
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
44:607-610[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 3.
|
Jarlier, V.,
M. H. Nicolas,
G. Fournier, and A. Phillippon.
1988.
Extended broad spectrum -lactamases conferring transferable resistance to newer -lactam agents in Enterobacteriaceae: hospital prevalence and susceptibility patterns.
Rev. Infect. Dis.
10:867-878[Medline].
|
| 4.
|
Kim, J.,
Y. Kwon,
H. Pai,
J.-W. Kim, and D.-T. Cho.
1998.
Survey of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended-spectrum -lactamases: prevalence of SHV-12 and SHV-2a in Korea.
J. Clin. Microbiol.
36:1446-1449[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 5.
|
Kim, J., and H. J. Lee.
2000.
Rapid discriminatory detection of genes coding for SHV -lactamases by ligase chain reaction.
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
44:1860-1864[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 6.
|
Laksai, Y.,
M. Severino,
M. Perilli,
G. Amicosante,
G. Bonfiglio, and S. Stefani.
2000.
First identification of an SHV-12 extended-spectrum -lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Italy.
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
45:349-351[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 7.
|
Moreno, M. A.,
L. Domínguez,
T. Teshager,
I. A. Herrero,
M. C. Porrero, and the VAV Network.
2000.
Antibiotic resistance monitoring: the Spanish programme.
Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents
14:285-290[CrossRef][Medline].
|
| 8.
|
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.
1997.
Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved standard M7-A4.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, Pa.
|
| 9.
|
Nüesch-Inderbinen, M. T.,
F. H. Kayser, and H. Hächler.
1997.
Survey and molecular genetics of SHV -lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae in Switzerland: two novel enzymes, SHV-11 and SHV-12.
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
41:943-949[Abstract].
|
| 10.
|
Pai, H.,
S. Lyu,
J. H. Lee,
J. Kim,
Y. Kwon,
J. W. Kim, and K. W. Choe.
1999.
Survey of extended-spectrum -lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: prevalence of TEM-52 in Korea.
J. Clin. Microbiol.
37:1758-1763[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 11.
|
Pitout, J. D. D.,
K. S. Thomson,
N. D. Hanson,
A. F. Ehrhardt,
E. S. Moland, and C. C. Sanders.
1998.
-Lactamases responsible for resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis isolates recovered in South Africa.
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
42:1350-1354[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| 12.
|
Yan, J.-J.,
S.-M. Wu,
S.-H. Tsai,
J.-J. Wu, and I.-J. Su.
2000.
Prevalence of SHV-12 among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum -lactamases and identification of a novel AmpC enzyme (CMY-8) in southern Taiwan.
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
44:1438-1442[Abstract/Free Full Text].
|
| | | | |
Tirushet Teshager
Lucas Domínguez*
Miguel A. Moreno
Departamento de Patología Animal I
(Sanidad Animal)
Facultad de
Veterinaria
Universidad Complutense
Madrid,
Spain
|
| | | | |
Yolanda Saénz
Carmen Torres
Área de Bioquímica y
Biología Molecular
Universidad de La
Rioja
Logroño, Spain
|
| | | | |
Susana Cardeñosa
Servicio de Microbiología y
Parasitología
Hospital Veterinario
Facultad
de Veterinaria
Universidad Complutense
Madrid,
Spain
|
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2000, p. 3483-3484, Vol. 44, No. 12
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
Sidjabat, H. E., Hanson, N. D., Smith-Moland, E., Bell, J. M., Gibson, J. S., Filippich, L. J., Trott, D. J.
(2007). Identification of plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum and AmpC {beta}-lactamases in Enterobacter spp. isolated from dogs. J Med Microbiol
56: 426-434
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Brinas, L., Moreno, M. A., Teshager, T., Saenz, Y., Porrero, M. C., Dominguez, L., Torres, C.
(2005). Monitoring and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum {beta}-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Strains from Healthy and Sick Animals in Spain in 2003. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
49: 1262-1264
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Carattoli, A., Lovari, S., Franco, A., Cordaro, G., Di Matteo, P., Battisti, A.
(2005). Extended-Spectrum {beta}-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Cats in Rome, Italy, from 2001 to 2003. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
49: 833-835
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Maynard, C., Bekal, S., Sanschagrin, F., Levesque, R. C., Brousseau, R., Masson, L., Lariviere, S., Harel, J.
(2004). Heterogeneity among Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Profiles of Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Isolates of Animal and Human Origin. J. Clin. Microbiol.
42: 5444-5452
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Trott, D. J., Filippich, L. J., Bensink, J. C., Downs, M. T., McKenzie, S. E., Townsend, K. M., Moss, S. M., Chin, J. J.-C.
(2004). Canine model for investigating the impact of oral enrofloxacin on commensal coliforms and colonization with multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. J Med Microbiol
53: 439-443
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Feria, C., Ferreira, E., Correia, J. D., Goncalves, J., Canica, M.
(2002). Patterns and mechanisms of resistance to {beta}-lactams and {beta}-lactamase inhibitors in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from dogs in Portugal. J Antimicrob Chemother
49: 77-85
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
