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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 11 1996, 2618-2621, Vol 40, No. 11
Copyright © 1996 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Treatment of intracellular Mycobacterium avium complex infection by free and liposome-encapsulated sparfloxacin

N Duzgunes, D Flasher, MV Reddy, J Luna-Herrera and PR Gangadharam
Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, California 94115, USA.

Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAC) is the most frequent cause of opportunistic bacterial infection in patients with AIDS. Previous studies have indicated that liposome-encapsulated aminoglycosides are highly effective in treating MAC infections in mice. We investigated whether the fluoroquinolone sparfloxacin is effective in treating MAC infection in the murine macrophage-like cell line J774. Sparfloxacin was encapsulated in the membrane phase of multilamellar liposomes composed of phosphatidylglycerol- phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol (1:1:1 molar ratio). MAC-infected macrophages were treated for either 24 h or 4 days with free or liposome-encapsulated sparfloxacin. Treatment with free or liposome- encapsulated sparfloxacin (6 micrograms/ml) for 24 h resulted in the reduction of the growth index to 25 and 30% of that of untreated controls, respectively. When cultures were treated for 4 days, free sparfloxacin reduced the growth index to 6% of that of the untreated control, while liposome-encapsulated sparfloxacin reduced it to 8% of that of the control.

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