This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Piddock, L. J. V.
Right arrow Articles by Hill, S. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Piddock, L. J. V.
Right arrow Articles by Hill, S. L.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 1998, p. 2956-2960, Vol. 42, No. 11
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Activities of New Fluoroquinolones against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Pathogens of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Laura J. V. Piddock,1,* M. Johnson,2 V. Ricci,1 and S. L. Hill2

Antimicrobial Agents Research Group, Department of Infection,1 and Respiratory Research Laboratory,2 University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Received 9 April 1998/Returned for modification 8 July 1998/Accepted 25 August 1998

The activities of six new fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, grepafloxacin, gatifloxacin, trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, and levofloxacin) compared with those of sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin with or without reserpine (20 µg/ml) were determined for 19 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, 5 Haemophilus sp. isolates, and 10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin from patients with clinically confirmed lower respiratory tract infections. Based upon the MICs at which 50% of isolates were inhibited (MIC50s) and MIC90s, the most active agent was clinafloxacin, followed by (in order of decreasing activity) trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and grepafloxacin. Except for clinafloxacin (and gatifloxacin and trovafloxacin for H. influenzae), none of the new agents had improved activities compared with that of ciprofloxacin for P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae. A variable reserpine effect was observed for ciprofloxacin and S. pneumoniae; however, for 9 of 19 (47%) isolates the MIC of ciprofloxacin was decreased by at least fourfold, suggesting the presence of an efflux pump contributing to the resistance phenotype. The laboratory parC (Ser79) mutant strain of S. pneumoniae required eightfold more ciprofloxacin for inhibition than the wild-type strain, but there was no change in the MIC of sparfloxacin and only a 1-dilution increase in the MICs of the other agents. For efflux pump mutant S. pneumoniae the activities of all the newer agents, except for levofloxacin, were reduced. Except for clinafloxacin, all second-step laboratory mutants required at least 2 µg of all fluoroquinolones per ml for inhibition.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Antimicrobial Agents Research Group, Department of Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-21-414-6969. Fax: 44-21-414-6966. E-mail: l.j.v.piddock{at}bham.ac.uk.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, November 1998, p. 2956-2960, Vol. 42, No. 11
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Garvey, M. I., Piddock, L. J. V. (2008). The Efflux Pump Inhibitor Reserpine Selects Multidrug-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains That Overexpress the ABC Transporters PatA and PatB. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 1677-1685 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shin, J. H., Jung, H. J., Kim, H. R., Jeong, J., Jeong, S. H., Kim, S., Lee, E. Y., Lee, J. N., Chang, C. L. (2007). Prevalence, Characteristics, and Molecular Epidemiology of Macrolide and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at Five Tertiary-Care Hospitals in Korea. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 2625-2627 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Piddock, L. J. V. (2006). Clinically Relevant Chromosomally Encoded Multidrug Resistance Efflux Pumps in Bacteria. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 19: 382-402 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Marrer, E., Schad, K., Satoh, A. T., Page, M. G. P., Johnson, M. M., Piddock, L. J. V. (2006). Involvement of the Putative ATP-Dependent Efflux Proteins PatA and PatB in Fluoroquinolone Resistance of a Multidrug-Resistant Mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 685-693 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Marrer, E., Satoh, A. T., Johnson, M. M., Piddock, L. J. V., Page, M. G. P. (2006). Global Transcriptome Analysis of the Responses of a Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Mutant and Its Parent to Ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 269-278 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Azoulay-Dupuis, E., Bedos, J. P., Mohler, J., Moine, P., Cherbuliez, C., Peytavin, G., Fantin, B., Kohler, T. (2005). Activity of Gemifloxacin against Quinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains In Vitro and in a Mouse Pneumonia Model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 1046-1054 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yoo, B. K, Triller, D. M, Yong, C.-S., Lodise, T. P (2004). Gemifloxacin: A New Fluoroquinolone Approved for Treatment of Respiratory Infections. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 38: 1226-1235 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wang, M., Sahm, D. F., Jacoby, G. A., Zhang, Y., Hooper, D. C. (2004). Activities of Newer Quinolones against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Containing the Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant qnr. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 1400-1401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Azoulay-Dupuis, E., Bedos, J. P., Mohler, J., Peytavin, G., Isturiz, R., Moine, P., Rieux, V., Cherbuliez, C., Pechere, J. C., Fantin, B., Kohler, T. (2004). Activities of Garenoxacin against Quinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains In Vitro and in a Mouse Pneumonia Model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 765-773 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gibson, R. L., Burns, J. L., Ramsey, B. W. (2003). Pathophysiology and Management of Pulmonary Infections in Cystic Fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 168: 918-951 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Van Bambeke, F., Glupczynski, Y., Plesiat, P., Pechere, J. C., Tulkens, P. M. (2003). Antibiotic efflux pumps in prokaryotic cells: occurrence, impact on resistance and strategies for the future of antimicrobial therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 51: 1055-1065 [Full Text]  
  • Valdezate, S., Vindel, A., Echeita, A., Baquero, F., Canto, R. (2002). Topoisomerase II and IV Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Clinical Isolates with Different Levels of Quinolone Susceptibility. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 665-671 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Piddock, L. J. V., Johnson, M. M., Simjee, S., Pumbwe, L. (2002). Expression of Efflux Pump Gene pmrA in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and -Susceptible Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 808-812 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Piddock, L. J. V., Johnson, M. M. (2002). Accumulation of 10 Fluoroquinolones by Wild-Type or Efflux Mutant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 813-820 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Morris, J. E., Pan, X.-S., Fisher, L. M. (2002). Grepafloxacin, a Dimethyl Derivative of Ciprofloxacin, Acts Preferentially through Gyrase in Streptococcus pneumoniae: Role of the C-5 Group in Target Specificity. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 582-585 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ince, D., Hooper, D. C. (2001). Mechanisms and Frequency of Resistance to Gatifloxacin in Comparison to AM-1121 and Ciprofloxacin in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45: 2755-2764 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nagai, K., Davies, T. A., Dewasse, B. E., Jacobs, M. R., Appelbaum, P. C. (2001). Single- and multi-step resistance selection study of gemifloxacin compared with trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother 48: 365-374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Oteo, J., Alos, J. I., Gomez-Garces, J. L. (2001). Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in 1999 and 2000 in Madrid, Spain: a multicentre surveillance study. J Antimicrob Chemother 47: 215-218 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lynch, J. P. III (2001). Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia : Risk Factors, Microbiology, and Treatment. Chest 119 : 373S-384S [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cubbon, M. D., Masterton, R. G. (2000). New quinolones--a fresh answer to the pneumococcus. J Antimicrob Chemother 46: 869-872 [Full Text]  
  • Wright, D. H., Brown, G. H., Peterson, M. L., Rotschafer, J. C. (2000). Application of fluoroquinolone pharmacodynamics. J Antimicrob Chemother 46: 669-683 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bast, D. J., Low, D. E., Duncan, C. L., Kilburn, L., Mandell, L. A., Davidson, R. J., de Azavedo, J. C. S. (2000). Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Contributions of Type II Topoisomerase Mutations and Efflux to Levels of Resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 3049-3054 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nagai, K., Davies, T. A., Pankuch, G. A., Dewasse, B. E., Jacobs, M. R., Appelbaum, P. C. (2000). In Vitro Selection of Resistance to Clinafloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Trovafloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 2740-2746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Thomson, K. S. (2000). Minimizing quinolone resistance: are the new agents more or less likely to cause resistance?. J Antimicrob Chemother 45: 719-723 [Full Text]  
  • Pestova, E., Millichap, J. J., Noskin, G. A., Peterson, L. R. (2000). Intracellular targets of moxifloxacin: a comparison with other fluoroquinolones. J Antimicrob Chemother 45: 583-590 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hsueh, P.-R., Liu, Y.-C., Shyr, J.-M., Wu, T.-L., Yan, J.-J., Wu, J.-J., Leu, H.-S., Chuang, Y.-C., Yeu-Jen Lau, , Luh, K.-T. (2000). Multicenter Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in Taiwan during the 1998-1999 Respiratory Season. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 1342-1345 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Moss, P. J, Finch, R. G (2000). The next generation: fluoroquinolones in the management of acute lower respiratory infection in adults. Thorax 55: 83-85 [Full Text]  
  • de Azavedo, J. C. S., Trpeski, L., Pong-Porter, S., Matsumura, S., The Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network, , Low, D. E. (1999). In Vitro Activities of Fluoroquinolones against Antibiotic-Resistant Blood Culture Isolates of Viridans Group Streptococci from across Canada. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43: 2299-2301 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pestova, E., Beyer, R., Cianciotto, N. P., Noskin, G. A., Peterson, L. R. (1999). Contribution of Topoisomerase IV and DNA Gyrase Mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae to Resistance to Novel Fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43: 2000-2004 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»