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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 1998, p. 827-832, Vol. 42, No. 4
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cefotaxime-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from a Hospital in Warsaw, Poland: Identification of a New CTX-M-3 Cefotaxime-Hydrolyzing beta -Lactamase That Is Closely Related to the CTX-M-1/MEN-1 Enzyme

Marek Gniadkowski,1,* Ines Schneider,2 Andrzej Pa<A><AC>l</AC><AC>&cjs1134;</AC></A>ucha,1 Renate Jungwirth,2 Barbara Mikiewicz,3 and Adolf Bauernfeind2

Sera and Vaccines Central Research Laboratory, 00-725 Warsaw,1 and Health Care Center Praga-Pó<A><AC>l</AC><AC>&cjs1134;</AC></A>noc, 03-719 Warsaw,3 Poland, and Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, 80336 Munich, Germany2

Received 14 July 1997/Returned for modification 12 November 1997/Accepted 2 February 1998

A group of cefotaxime-resistant Citrobacter freundii and Escherichia coli isolates were collected by a clinical laboratory in a hospital in Warsaw, Poland, in July 1996. Detailed analysis has shown that all of these produced a beta -lactamase (pI, 8.4) belonging to the CTX-M family, one of the minor extended-spectrum beta -lactamase families with a strong cefotaxime-hydrolyzing activity. Sequencing has revealed that C. freundii isolates produced a new CTX-M-3 enzyme which is very closely related to the CTX-M-1/MEN-1 beta -lactamase, sporadically identified in Europe over a period of 6 years. Amino acid sequences of these two beta -lactamases differ at four positions: Val77Ala, Asp114Asn, Ser140Ala, and Asn288Asp (the first amino acid of each pair refers to CTX-M-1/MEN-1 and second refers to CTX-M-3). The partial sequence of the E. coli CTX-M gene was identical to the corresponding region of blaCTX-M-3, but a transconjugant of the E. coli isolate expressed higher levels of resistance to beta -lactams than did C. freundii transconjugants. These resistance differences correlated with differences in plasmid DNA restriction patterns. Our results suggest that CTX-M genes have been spread among different species of the family Enterobacteriaceae in the hospital and that the CTX-M-3-expressing C. freundii strain causing routine urinary tract infections has been maintained for a relatively long time in the hospital environment.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Sera and Vaccines Central Research Laboratory, ul. Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland. Phone: (48) 22 651 4670. Fax: (48) 22-41 29 49. E-mail: marekg{at}ibbrain.ibb.waw.pl.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 1998, p. 827-832, Vol. 42, No. 4
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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