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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 1998, p. 1239-1244, Vol. 42, No. 5
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Killing of Chlamydia trachomatis by Novel Antimicrobial Lipids Adapted from Compounds in Human Breast Milk

M. F. Lampe,1,* L. M. Ballweber,1 C. E. Isaacs,2 D. L. Patton,1 and W. E. Stamm1

University of Washington, Seattle, Washington,1 and NYS Institute for Basic Research, Staten Island, New York2

Received 8 September 1997/Returned for modification 22 December 1997/Accepted 5 March 1998

The development of new methods for prevention of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infection is a top public health priority. Topical self-administered vaginal microbicides represent one such approach in which the organism is eradicated at the time of initial exposure. To this end, we examined the activity of five synthetic lipids adapted from naturally occurring compounds found in human breast milk. C. trachomatis serovar D or F elementary bodies were added to serial dilutions of the lipids and incubated for various times. Aliquots were then cultured in monolayers of McCoy cells, and inclusions were counted. A 7.5 mM concentration of 2-O-octyl-sn-glycerol completely prevented growth of C. trachomatis after 120 min of contact with the organism. The remaining lipids, 1-O-octyl-, 1-O-heptyl-, 2-O-hexyl-, and 1-O-hexyl-sn-glycerol, showed less activity. On electron microscopic examination, the lipids were shown to have disrupted the chlamydial inner membrane, allowing leakage of the cytoplasmic contents from the cell. Lipid activity was unaffected by the presence of 10% human blood or alterations in pH from 4.0 to 8.0, conditions reflecting those sometimes found in the vagina. Our results suggest that these lipids, especially 2-O-octyl-sn-glycerol, may be effective as topical microbicides in preventing the transmission of C. trachomatis. Further efficacy and toxicity studies with these lipids and assessment of their activity against other sexually transmitted disease pathogens are in progress.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Box 356523, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. Phone: (206) 616-4124. Fax: (206) 616-4898. E-mail: lampe{at}u.washington.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 1998, p. 1239-1244, Vol. 42, No. 5
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

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