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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 1998, p. 2153-2159, Vol. 42, No. 9
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Nucleoside Analog 1592U89 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitor 141W94 Are Synergistic In Vitro

G. L. Drusano,1,* D. Z. D'Argenio,2 W. Symonds,3 P. A. Bilello,1 J. McDowell,3 B. Sadler,3 A. Bye,3 and J. A. Bilello1

Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 122081; GlaxoWellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 277083; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 900072

Received 8 December 1997/Returned for modification 7 April 1998/Accepted 30 April 1998

The use of combinations of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) agents targeted to different molecular targets will most likely result in increased viral suppression and may also delay or prevent the emergence of resistant HIV strains. The purpose of the present study was to develop information on the in vitro anti-HIV activities of combinations of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor 1592U89 and the protease inhibitor 141W94 to help guide the choice of dosages in clinical trials. Triplicate in vitro dose-response matrices were prepared with MT-2 cells infected with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) strain IIIB. In order to account for the effects of protein binding, tissue culture medium with 10% fetal bovine serum was supplemented with the human serum proteins alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (1 mg/ml) and albumin (40 mg/ml). The three-dimensional drug interaction surface for 1592U89 and 141W94 was constructed with the program MacSynergy II. As analyzed relative to a Bliss Independence null reference model, this combination was synergistic, with volumes of synergy exceeding 100 (99% confidence). Analysis of the data set with a fully parametric form of an equation for the quantitation of drug interaction developed by Greco et al. (W. R. Greco, G. Bravo, and J. C. Parsons, Pharmacol. Rev. 47:331-385, 1995) resulted in an interaction term statistically significantly greater than 0.0, indicating true synergy. Both methods concur that this combination is significantly synergistic. These data, with favorable findings from phase I/II trials for each drug alone, suggest that the combination of 1592U89 plus 141W94 should be further evaluated in clinical trials.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave., Albany, NY 12208. Phone: (518) 262-6330. Fax: (518) 262-6333. E-mail: GLDrusano{at}AOL.com.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 1998, p. 2153-2159, Vol. 42, No. 9
0066-4804/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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