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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, June 1999, p. 1516-1519, Vol. 43, No. 6
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Pharmacokinetics of Azithromycin Administered Alone and with Atovaquone in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children

Leock Y. Ngo,1 Ram Yogev,2 Wayne M. Dankner,3 Walter T. Hughes,4 Sandra Burchett,5 Jing Xu,6 Brian Sadler,7 and Jashvant D. Unadkat1,*,dagger for the Actg 254 Team

Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington1; Division of Infectious Diseases, Chicago Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois2; University of California at San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California3; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee4; Boston Medical Center5 and Statistical & Data Analysis Center, Harvard School of Public Health,6 Boston, Massachusetts; and Glaxo Wellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina7

Received 13 July 1998/Returned for modification 19 December 1998/Accepted 11 March 1999

To evaluate if atovaquone (ATQ) interacts pharmacokinetically with azithromycin (AZ) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, 10 subjects (ages, 4 to 13 years) were randomized in a crossover study to receive AZ (5 mg/kg/day) alone (ALONE) or AZ (5 mg/kg/day) and ATQ (30 mg/kg/day) simultaneously (SIM) prior to receiving AZ and ATQ staggered by 12 h. Despite a lack of significant difference in the mean AZ pharmacokinetic parameters, the steady-state values of AZ's area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h and maximum concentration in serum were consistently lower (n = 7 of 7) for the SIM regimen than they were for the ALONE regimen. A larger study will be required to determine if ATQ affects AZ pharmacokinetics and efficacy in a clinically significant manner.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Box 357610, H272 Health Sciences Building, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. Phone: (206) 543-9434. Fax: (206) 543-3204. E-mail: jash{at}u.washington.edu.

dagger Other members of the ACTG 254 team are listed in the Appendix.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, June 1999, p. 1516-1519, Vol. 43, No. 6
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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