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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 1999, p. 1811-1812, Vol. 43, No. 7
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
In Vitro Inhibition of the Growth of Helicobacter
pylori by Oil-Macerated Garlic Constituents
 |
LETTER |
Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative curved rod
bacterium, is relevant to the disease of gastric and duodenal mucosae,
and the H. pylori-infected populations have a high risk of
gastric cancer (3). Some epidemiological reports showed that
high intake of Allium vegetables including garlic
(Allium sativum L.) reduces the risk of gastric cancer
(4). Oil maceration is one method for processing garlic, and
this type of garlic product is common as health food in Europe. In a
previous study, we isolated some antimicrobial compounds from
oil-macerated garlic extract (OMGE), and they inhibited gram-positive
and -negative bacteria and yeast (6, 8-10). Sivam et al.
(7) have demonstrated the antibacterial effect of crude
garlic extracts against H. pylori; however, the antibacterial activity of each garlic constituent against H. pylori has not been reported. Therefore, we attempted to examine
the antibacterial effect of OMGE constituents against H. pylori.
An OMGE was prepared according to the method of Yoshida et al. (8,
9). H. pylori strains used are indicated in Table 1.
To analyze the anti-H. pylori activity of OMGE, each OMGE constituent was purified. E- and Z-ajoenes
(E- and
Z-4,5,9-trithiadodeca-1,6,11-triene-9-oxide) (2)
and two vinyldithiins (2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin and
3-vinyl-4H-1,2-dithiin) (1) were purified
according to the methods described by Block et al. (1, 2),
and Z-10-devinylajoene (Z-10-DA;
Z-4,5,9-trithiadeca-1,6-diene-9-oxide) (8),
iso-E-10-devinylajoene (iso-E-10-DA;
E-4,5,9-trithiadeca-1,7-diene-9-oxide) (9), and
thiosulfinates (10) were purified according to the methods described by Yoshida et al. (8-10). Allicin
was prepared by the method of Mayeux et al. (5). The
MICs of all constituents and several antibiotics were determined as
described elsewhere (6, 8), i.e., each preculture containing
103 cells was plated onto solid medium consisting of brain
heart infusion agar containing 0.25% yeast extract and 10% fetal
bovine serum (Biowhittaker, Wakersville, Md.) with or without various concentrations of the constituents or antibiotics and cultivated under
microaerophilic conditions for 5 days. The surviving cells were
detected on the plate as colonies, and the MIC was defined as the
concentration leaving no survivors. Results are shown in Table
1. The differences in MICs between the
three H. pylori strains were not significant. Ajoenes
(Z- and E-ajoene, Z-10-DA, and
iso-E-10-DA), which are the main constituents of OMGE,
showed inhibition of the H. pylori growth at 10 to 25 µg/ml. Two different vinyldithiins did not inhibit H. pylori growth at concentrations of <100 µg/ml. Among the
thiosulfinates, 2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-methyl
ester [AllS(O)SMe] inhibited H. pylori growth at 20 to 25 µg/ml. However, 2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid
S-(E,Z)-1-propenyl ester
[AllS(O)SPn-(E,Z)] did not
inhibit H. pylori growth at concentrations of <100 µg/ml.
Allicin, which is not an OMGE constituent, inhibited H. pylori growth at 20 to 30 µg/ml.
AllS(O)SPn-(E,Z), allicin, and AllS(O)SMe differ
with respect to the S-1-alk(en)yl group. In this part of the
structure, methyl and allyl groups were effective but the propenyl
group was ineffective for H. pylori inhibition.
From these results, it is obvious that the OMGE contained many
anti-H. pylori compounds, and their MICs were 10 to 25 µg/ml. These results suggest that OMGE should be tested for efficacy against H. pylori in vivo.
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FOOTNOTES |
*
Phone: 81-52-836-4367
Fax: 81-52-834-6714
E-mail: futsuchi{at}kb3.so-net.ne.jp
| |
REFERENCES |
| 1.
|
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S. Ahmad,
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1986.
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Yoshida, H.,
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63:591-594[Medline].
|
| | | | |
Rie Ohta
Norihiko Yamada
Hisae Kaneko
Keiko Ishikawa
Hiroyuki Fukuda
Tsuchiyoshi Fujino*
Atsushi Suzuki
Biodevelopment Division
Central Institute
Nagoya Seiraku Co. Ltd.
310 Nakasuna-cho
Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8588
Japan
|
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 1999, p. 1811-1812, Vol. 43, No. 7
0066-4804/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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