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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2000, p. 3374-3380, Vol. 44, No. 12
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Resistance among Gram-Positive Bacteria in Taiwan

Kwen-Tay Luh,1,2,* Po-Ren Hsueh,1,2 Lee-Jene Teng,1,3 Hui-Ju Pan,1 Yu-Chi Chen,1 Jang-Jih Lu,4 Jiunn-Jong Wu,5 and Shen-Wu Ho1,3

Departments of Laboratory Medicine1 and Internal Medicine,2 National Taiwan University Hospital, School of Medical Technology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine,3 and Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei,4 and Department of Medical Technology, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan,5 Taiwan

Received 8 May 2000/Returned for modification 13 July 2000/Accepted 14 September 2000

To understand quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance among clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria in Taiwan, where this agent is not yet available for clinical use, we evaluated 1,287 nonduplicate isolates recovered from January 1996 to December 1999 for in vitro susceptibility to quinupristin-dalfopristin and other newer antimicrobial agents. All methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates were susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin. High rates of nonsusceptibility to quinupristin-dalfopristin (MICs, >= 2 µg/ml) were demonstrated for the following organisms: methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (31%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (16%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (8%), viridans group streptococci (51%), vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (85%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (100%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (66%), Leuconostoc spp. (100%), Lactobacillus spp. (50%), and Pediococcus spp. (87%). All isolates of MSSA, MRSA, S. pneumoniae, and viridans group streptococci were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The rates of nonsusceptibility to vancomycin and teicoplanin were 5 and 7%, respectively, for CoNS, ranging from 12 and 18% for S. simulans to 0 and 0% for S. cohnii and S. auricularis. Moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin had good activities against these isolates except for ciprofloxacin-resistant vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococci. In Taiwan, virginiamycin has been used in animal husbandry for more than 20 years, which may contribute to the high rates of quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. Phone: 886-2-23562149. Fax: 886-2-23224263. E-mail: luhkt{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2000, p. 3374-3380, Vol. 44, No. 12
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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