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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2000, p. 1838-1841, Vol. 44, No. 7
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Comparative In Vitro Activities of Linezolid, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, Moxifloxacin, and Trovafloxacin against Erythromycin-Susceptible and -Resistant Streptococci

Carmen Betriu,* Montserrat Redondo, M. Luisa Palau, Ana Sánchez, María Gómez, Esther Culebras, Ana Boloix, and Juan J. Picazo

Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain

Received 13 December 1999/Returned for modification 25 March 2000/Accepted 18 April 2000

The in vitro activities of the new agents linezolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin were determined and compared with those of penicillin, clindamycin, and four macrolides against 53 erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, 117 S. pyogenes (64 erythromycin-susceptible and 53 -resistant), and 101 S. agalactiae (53 erythromycin-susceptible and 48 -resistant) isolates. Differentiation of macrolide resistance phenotypes was performed by the double-disk method. The genetic basis for macrolide resistance in 52 strains was also determined. The M phenotype was found in 84.9, 6.3, and 1.9% of S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. These strains were susceptible to miocamycin and clindamycin. Strains with the inducible phenotype accounted for 27.1% of S. agalactiae isolates and 9.4% each of S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae isolates. All erythromycin-resistant isolates were also resistant to the 14- and 15-membered macrolides tested. Strains with all three phenotypes were susceptible to <= 2 µg of linezolid per ml. Quinupristin-dalfopristin exhibited good in vitro activity against all strains, irrespective of their resistance to erythromycin (MICs at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited [MIC90s], 0.2 to 1 µg/ml). Against the erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae strains, moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin were the most active agents (MIC90s, 0.1 µg/ml). The new antimicrobials evaluated may be alternative agents to treat infections caused by macrolide-resistant as well as macrolide-susceptible streptococci.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Plaza Cristo Rey s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Phone: 34 913303478. Fax: 34 913303478. E-mail: cbetriu{at}efd.net.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, July 2000, p. 1838-1841, Vol. 44, No. 7
0066-4804/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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