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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2001, p. 1349-1354, Vol. 45, No. 5
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.5.1349-1354.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Antileishmanial Activity of an Indole Alkaloid from Peschiera australis

Jan Carlo Delorenzi,1 Márcia Attias,2 Cerli R. Gattass,2 Marcelo Andrade,3 Cláudia Rezende,3 Ângelo da Cunha Pinto,3 Amélia T. Henriques,4 Dumith C. Bou-Habib,5 and Elvira M. B. Saraiva1,*

Laboratório de Imunobiologia das Leishmanioses, Departamento de Imunologia-Instituto de Microbiologia,1 Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho,2 and Departamento Química Orgânica-Instituto de Química-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,3 Rio de Janeiro, RJ; Faculdade de Farmácia-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS4; and Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador BA,5 Brazil

Received 19 June 2000/Returned for modification 2 August 2000/Accepted 1 February 2001

In this study, we show the leishmanicidal effects of a chloroform fraction (CLF) and a purified indole alkaloid obtained from crude stem extract of Peschiera australis against Leishmania amazonensis, a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. In a bioassay-guided chemical fractionation, the leishmanicidal activity in CLF completely and irreversibly inhibited promastigote growth. This fraction was also active against amastigotes in infected murine macrophages. Chemical analysis of CLF identified an iboga-type indole alkaloid coronaridine as one of its major compounds. Coronaridine showed potent antileishmanial activity, inhibiting promastigote and amastigote growth. Promastigotes and amastigotes treated with CLF or coronaridine showed pronounced alterations in their mitochondria as assessed by transmission electron microscopy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Imunologia-Instituto de Microbiologia, CCS-BlocoI-sala 052, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 21944-970. Phone: 55 (21) 270-0990. Fax: 55 (21) 560-8028. E-mail: imimems{at}microbio.ufrj.br.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2001, p. 1349-1354, Vol. 45, No. 5
0066-4804/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AAC.45.5.1349-1354.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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