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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2002, p. 3846-3853, Vol. 46, No. 12
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.12.3846-3853.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro Activity of Micafungin (FK-463) against Candida spp.: Microdilution, Time-Kill, and Postantifungal-Effect Studies

Erika J. Ernst,1* Ellen E. Roling,1 C. Rosemarie Petzold,1 Douglas J. Keele,1 and Michael E. Klepser2,3

College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242,1 College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, Michigan 49307,2 Borgess Medical Center Department of Pharmacy, Kalamazoo, Michigan 490013

Received 20 August 2001/ Returned for modification 30 November 2001/ Accepted 19 August 2002

We evaluated the in vitro activity of the new echinocandin antifungal micafungin against Candida spp. using microdilution and time-kill methods. Additionally, we examined the postantifungal effect (PAFE) of micafungin. Finally, we evaluated the effect of the addition of serum and plasma on the MIC of micafungin. Four Candida albicans isolates and two isolates of each Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis were selected for testing. The MICs of micafungin were determined in RPMI 1640 medium buffered with morpholinepropanesulfonic acid alone and with the addition of 10, 20, and 50% human serum and plasma. MICs were determined by using two endpoints: a prominent reduction in growth (the MIC at which 80% of isolates are inhibited [MIC80]) and complete visual inhibition of growth (MIC100). The minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of micafungin for each isolate was also determined. Time-kill curves were determined for each isolate in RPMI 1640 medium with micafungin at concentrations ranging from 0.125 to 16 times the MIC80 to assess the correlation between MIC80 and fungicidal activity. PAFE studies were conducted with each isolate by using concentrations ranging between 0.25 and 4 times the MIC80. The MIC80s for the test isolates ranged from 0.0039 to 0.25 µg/ml. Overall, the addition of serum or plasma increased the MIC 6 to 7 doubling dilutions for C. albicans and 3 to 4 doubling dilutions for C. krusei and C. tropicalis. Micafungin time-kill studies demonstrated fungicidal activity at concentrations ranging from 4 to 16 times the MIC80. Micafungin is very potent agent against a variety of Candida spp., producing fungicidal activity against 7 of 10 isolates tested. A PAFE was observed against all isolates. The PAFE was influenced by the drug concentration, with the highest concentration resulting in the longest observed PAFE in each case. The highest concentration tested, four times the MIC, resulted in a PAFE of more than 9.8 h for 5 of 10 isolates tested (range, 0.9 to >=20.1 h).

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, S-428 Pharmacy Bldg., Iowa City, IA 52242-1112. Phone: (319) 335-8785. Fax: (319) 353-5646. E-mail: erika-ernst{at}uiowa.edu.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 2002, p. 3846-3853, Vol. 46, No. 12
0066-4804/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.12.3846-3853.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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