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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2005, p. 2102-2105, Vol. 49, No. 5
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.2102-2105.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Origin and Dissemination of Chloroquine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum with Mutant pfcrt Alleles in the Philippines

Nanhua Chen,1 Danny W. Wilson,2,{dagger} Cielo Pasay,3,{ddagger} David Bell,2,§ Laura B. Martin,2,¶ Dennis Kyle,1,4 and Qin Cheng1*

Department of Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Enoggera,1 Malaria and Scabies Group, Infectious Diseases Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia,2 Department of Parasitology, The Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Manila, Philippines,3 Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland4

Received 7 December 2004/ Returned for modification 11 January 2005/ Accepted 18 January 2005

The pfcrt allelic type and adjacent microsatellite marker type were determined for 82 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines. Mutant pfcrt allelic types P1a and P2a/P2b were dominant in different locations. Microsatellite analysis revealed that P2a/P2b evolved independently in the Philippines, while P1a shared common ancestry with Papua New Guinea chloroquine-resistant parasites.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Weary Dunlop Drive, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Queensland 4051, Australia. Phone: 61-7-3332 4834. Fax: 61-7-3332 4800. E-mail: qin.cheng{at}defence.gov.au.

{dagger} Present address: The Walter Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

{ddagger} Present address: Infectious Diseases Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

§ Present address: Western Pacific Regional Office, World Health Organization, Manila, Philippines.

Present address: Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, May 2005, p. 2102-2105, Vol. 49, No. 5
0066-4804/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.2102-2105.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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