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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 2008, p. 3047-3051, Vol. 52, No. 9
0066-4804/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.00103-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Stability of Colistin Methanesulfonate in Pharmaceutical Products and Solutions for Administration to Patients{triangledown}

Stephanie J. Wallace,1 Jian Li,1,{dagger} Craig. R. Rayner,1,{ddagger} Kingsley Coulthard,2,3 and Roger L. Nation1,{dagger}*

Facility for Anti-Infective Drug Development and Innovation, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia,1 Department of Pharmacy, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia,2 Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia3

Received 24 January 2008/ Returned for modification 6 March 2008/ Accepted 30 June 2008

Colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) has the potential to hydrolyze in aqueous solution to liberate colistin, its microbiologically active and more toxic parent compound. While conversion of CMS to colistin in vivo is important for bactericidal activity, liberation of colistin during storage and/or use of pharmaceutical formulations may potentiate the toxicity of CMS. To date, there has been no information available regarding the stability of CMS in pharmaceutical preparations. Two commercial CMS formulations were investigated for stability with respect to colistin content, which was measured by a specific high-performance liquid chromatography method. Coly-Mycin M Parenteral (colistimethate lyophilized powder) was stable (<0.1% of CMS present as colistin) for at least 20 weeks at 4°C and 25°C at 60% relative humidity. When Coly-Mycin M was reconstituted with 2 ml of water to a CMS concentration of 200 mg/ml for injection, Coly-Mycin M was stable (<0.1% colistin formed) for at least 7 days at both 4°C and 25°C. When further diluted to 4 mg/ml in a glucose (5%) or saline (0.9%) infusion solution as directed, CMS hydrolyzed faster at 25°C (<4% colistin formed after 48 h) than at 4°C (0.3% colistin formed). The second formulation, CMS Solution for Inhalation (77.5 mg/ml), was stable at 4°C and 25°C for at least 12 months, as determined based on colistin content (<0.1%). This study demonstrated the concentration- and temperature-dependent hydrolysis of CMS. The information provided by this study has important implications for the formulation and clinical use of CMS products.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Facility for Anti-Infective Drug Development and Innovation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Phone: 61 3 9903 9061. Fax: 61 3 9903 9629. E-mail: Roger.Nation{at}vcp.monash.edu.au

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 July 2008.

{dagger} J.L. and R.L.N. are joint senior authors.

{ddagger} Present address: F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Basel, Switzerland.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 2008, p. 3047-3051, Vol. 52, No. 9
0066-4804/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AAC.00103-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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