Contents: December 1998, Volume 42, Issue 12        Mechanisms of Resistance        Mechanisms of Action        Clinical Therapeutics        Experimental Therapeutics        Susceptibility        Pharmacology        Antiviral Agents        Biologic Response Modifiers        Letters        Errata Other Issues

Table of Contents

[Index by Author]

To see an article, click its [Full Text], [Abstract] or [PDF] link. To review many abstracts, check the boxes to the left of the titles you want, and click the 'Get All Checked Abstract(s)' button. To see one abstract at a time, click its [Abstract] link.

---

Mechanisms of Resistance:

---

Class 1 Integron-Borne Multiple-Antibiotic Resistance Carried by IncFI and IncL/M Plasmids in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Fabio Tosini, Paolo Visca, Ida Luzzi, Anna Maria Dionisi, Cristina Pezzella, Andrea Petrucca, and Alessandra Carattoli Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3053-3058; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

High-Level Resistance to Trimethoprim in Clinical Isolates of Campylobacter jejuni by Acquisition of Foreign Genes (dfr1 and dfr9) Expressing Drug-Insensitive Dihydrofolate Reductases Amera Gibreel and Ola Sköld Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3059-3064; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Contribute to a Stepwise Development of Fluconazole Resistance in Clinical Candida albicans Strains Renate Franz, Steven L. Kelly, David C. Lamb, Diane E. Kelly, Markus Ruhnke, and Joachim Morschhäuser Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3065-3072; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Outbreak of Ceftazidime-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Pediatric Hospital in Warsaw, Poland: Clonal Spread of the TEM-47 Extended-Spectrum -Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Strain and Transfer of a Plasmid Carrying the SHV-5-Like ESBL-Encoding Gene Marek Gniadkowski and Waleria Hryniewicz Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3079-3085; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Novel OXA-10-Derived Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases Selected In Vivo or In Vitro P. Mugnier, I. Casin, A. T. Bouthors, and E. Collatz Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3113-3116; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

OXA-16, a Further Extended-Spectrum Variant of OXA-10 -Lactamase, from Two Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Franck Danel, Lucinda M. C. Hall, Deniz Gur, and David M. Livermore Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3117-3122; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Characterization of a Chromosomal Gene Encoding Type B -Lactamase in Phage Group II Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Rama Kishan R. Voladri and Douglas S. Kernodle Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3163-3168; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Resistance to Thrombin-Induced Platelet Microbicidal Protein among Clinical Bacteremic Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Correlates with an Endovascular Infectious Source Arnold S. Bayer, Darwin Cheng, Michael R. Yeaman, G. Ralph Corey, R. Scott McClelland, Lizzie J. Harrel, and Vance G. Fowler, Jr. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3169-3172; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Expression of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gentamicin Resistance Gene aacC3 in Escherichia coli Renée A. J. van Boxtel and Jos A. M. van de Klundert Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3173-3178; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Rapid Emergence of High-Level Resistance to Quinolones in Campylobacter jejuni Associated with Mutational Changes in gyrA and parC Amera Gibreel, Eva Sjögren, Bertil Kaijser, Bengt Wretlind, and Ola Sköld Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3276-3278; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Alteration in the GyrA Subunit of DNA Gyrase and the ParC Subunit of DNA Topoisomerase IV in Quinolone-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis Zhiyu Li, Takashi Deguchi, Mitsuru Yasuda, Takeshi Kawamura, Emiko Kanematsu, Yoshinori Nishino, Satoshi Ishihara, and Yukimichi Kawada Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3293-3295; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

An ampD Gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Encodes a Negative Regulator of AmpC -Lactamase Expression Taimour Yousef Langaee, Michèle Dargis, and Ann Huletsky Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3296-3300; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Examination of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mutants with Low-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance Mark C. Sulavik and Neil L. Barg Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3317-3319; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Mechanisms of Action:

---

Antibiotic-Induced Release of Lipoteichoic Acid and Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus: Quantitative Measurements and Biological Reactivities P. van Langevelde, J. T. van Dissel, E. Ravensbergen, B. J. Appelmelk, I. A. Schrijver, and P. H. P. Groeneveld Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3073-3078; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antibacterial Effects of Levofloxacin, Erythromycin, and Rifampin in a Human Monocyte System against Legionella pneumophila Aldona L. Baltch, Raymond P. Smith, Mary A. Franke, and Phyllis B. Michelsen Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3153-3156; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

The Oxazolidinone Linezolid Inhibits Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria Steve M. Swaney, Hiroyuki Aoki, M. Clelia Ganoza, and Dean L. Shinabarger Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3251-3255; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Joint Tolerance to -Lactam and Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics in Escherichia coli Results from Overexpression of hipA Timothy J. Falla and Ian Chopra Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3282-3284; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Clinical Therapeutics:

---

Ambulatory Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus-Infected Orthopedic Implants with High-Dose Oral Co-trimoxazole (Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole) Andreas Stein, Jean Francois Bataille, Michel Drancourt, Georges Curvale, Jean Noel Argenson, Pierre Groulier, and Didier Raoult Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3086-3091; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Efficacy of Low-Dose Dopamine in Preventing Amphotericin B Nephrotoxicity in Bone Marrow Transplant Patients and Leukemia Patients Mary J. Camp, John R. Wingard, Claire E. Gilmore, Lillian S. Lin, Suzanne P. Dix, Terry G. Davidson, and Robert B. Geller Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3103-3106; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Photosensitivity Reactions Caused by Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride: A Multicenter Survey Jirô Arata, Takeshi Horio, Rinzo Soejima, and Kenji Ohara Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3141-3145; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Experimental Therapeutics:

---

Efficacious Topical Treatment for Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with Ethanolic Formulations of Amphotericin B Shoshana Frankenburg, Dvora Glick, Sidney Klaus, and Yechezkel Barenholz Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3092-3096; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Bacteriological Efficacies of Three Macrolides Compared with Those of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Valerie Berry, Christine E. Thorburn, Sarah J. Knott, and Gary Woodnutt Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3193-3199; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Efficacies of Cefepime, Ceftazidime, and Imipenem Alone or in Combination with Amikacin in Rats with Experimental Pneumonia Due to Ceftazidime-Susceptible or -Resistant Enterobacter cloacae Strains Olivier Mimoz, Anne Jacolot, Sophie Leotard, Nadia Hidri, Kamran Samii, Patrice Nordmann, and Olivier Petitjean Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3304-3308; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Comparative Efficacy of Trovafloxacin in Experimental Endocarditis Caused by Ciprofloxacin-Sensitive, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Young S. Kim, Quingxiang Liu, Lucien L. Chow, Henry F. Chambers, and Martin G. Täuber Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3325-3327; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Susceptibility:

---

Axenically Grown Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum Used as an In Vitro Model To Investigate the Pentavalent Antimony Mode of Action D. Sereno, M. Cavaleyra, K. Zemzoumi, S. Maquaire, A. Ouaissi, and J. L. Lemesre Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3097-3102; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Susceptibilities of Candida Bloodstream Isolates to the New Triazole Antifungal Agents BMS-207147, Sch 56592, and Voriconazole M. A. Pfaller, S. A. Messer, R. J. Hollis, R. N. Jones, G. V. Doern, M. E. Brandt, and R. A. Hajjeh Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3242-3244; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Induction of Resistance to Azole Drugs in Trypanosoma cruzi Frederick S. Buckner, Aaron J. Wilson, Theodore C. White, and Wesley C. Van Voorhis Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3245-3250; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activity of the New Ketolide HMR3647 in Comparison with Those of Macrolides and Pristinamycins against Enterococcus spp. C. Torres, M. Zarazaga, C. Tenorio, A. Portillo, Y. Saenz, F. Ruiz, and F. Baquero Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3279-3281; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activities of Ketolide HMR 3647, Macrolides, and Clindamycin against Coryneform Bacteria Luis Martínez-Martínez, Alvaro Pascual, Ana Isabel Suárez, and Evelio J. Perea Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3290-3292; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Susceptibilities of the Microsporidia Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Encephalitozoon hellem, and Encephalitozoon intestinalis to Albendazole and Its Sulfoxide and Sulfone Metabolites Olivier Ridoux and Michel Drancourt Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3301-3303; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Macrolide Susceptibility and -Lactamase Production among Haemophilus influenzae Isolates in the United States, 1996-1997 Patricia A. Hogan and Daniel J. Sheehan Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3313-3314; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activities of Several Diaminomethylpyridopyrimidines against Mycobacterium avium Complex Carolyn M. Shoen, Olga Choromanska, Robert C. Reynolds, James R. Piper, Cheryl A. Johnson, and Michael H. Cynamon Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3315-3316; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activities of Membrane-Active Peptides against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria A. Giacometti, O. Cirioni, G. Greganti, M. Quarta, and G. Scalise Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3320-3324; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Pharmacology:

---

Effect of Fluoxetine on Pharmacokinetics of Ritonavir Daniele Ouellet, Ann Hsu, Jiang Qian, Janet E. Lamm, John H. Cavanaugh, John M. Leonard, and G. Richard Granneman Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3107-3112; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Possible Mechanism by Which the Carbapenem Antibiotic Panipenem Decreases the Concentration of Valproic Acid in Plasma in Rats Saori Kojima, Masayuki Nadai, Kiyoyuki Kitaichi, Li Wang, Toshitaka Nabeshima, and Takaaki Hasegawa Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3136-3140; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Pharmacokinetics, Distribution in Serum Lipoproteins and Tissues, and Renal Toxicities of Amphotericin B and Amphotericin B Lipid Complex in a Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Model: Single-Dose Studies Kishor M. Wasan, Allison L. Kennedy, Shawn M. Cassidy, Manisha Ramaswamy, Lorilynne Holtorf, Jenny Wen-Lin Chou, and P. Haydn Pritchard Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3146-3152; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

No Interaction between Ciprofloxacin and an Oral Contraceptive P. C. Scholten, R. M. Droppert, M. G. J. Zwinkels, H. L. Moesker, J. J. P. Nauta, and I. M. Hoepelman Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3266-3268; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Antiviral Agents:

---

Patterns of Resistance and Cross-Resistance to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Patients Treated with the Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Loviride Veronica Miller, Marie-Pierre de Béthune, Astrid Kober, Martin Stürmer, Kurt Hertogs, Rudi Pauwels, Paul Stoffels, and Schlomo Staszewski Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3123-3129; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Inhibition of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Replication by 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine, an Acyclic Phosphonate Nucleoside Analogue A. J. Nicoll, D. L. Colledge, J. J. Toole, P. W. Angus, R. A. Smallwood, and S. A. Locarnini Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3130-3135; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors Serve as Substrates for Multidrug Transporter Proteins MDR1 and MRP1 but Retain Antiviral Efficacy in Cell Lines Expressing These Transporters Ranga V. Srinivas, David Middlemas, Pat Flynn, and Arnold Fridland Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3157-3162; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Inhibition of Human Hepatitis B Virus Replication by AT-61, a Phenylpropenamide Derivative, Alone and in Combination with ()-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-Thiacytidine Robert W. King, Stephanie K. Ladner, Thomas J. Miller, Katie Zaifert, Robert B. Perni, Sameul C. Conway, and Michael J. Otto Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3179-3186; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous and Oral Lamivudine in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Brigitta U. Mueller, Linda L. Lewis, Geoffrey J. Yuen, Maureen Farley, Amy Keller, Joseph A. Church, Jonathan C. Goldsmith, David J. Venzon, Marc Rubin, Philip A. Pizzo, and Frank M. Balis Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3187-3192; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Inhibition of Hepadnavirus Polymerases by the Triphosphates of BMS-200475 and Lobucavir Maria Seifer, Robert K. Hamatake, Richard J. Colonno, and David N. Standring Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3200-3208; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Efficacy of the Carbocyclic 2'-Deoxyguanosine Nucleoside BMS-200475 in the Woodchuck Model of Hepatitis B Virus Infection E. V. Genovesi, L. Lamb, I. Medina, D. Taylor, M. Seifer, S. Innaimo, R. J. Colonno, D. N. Standring, and J. M. Clark Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3209-3217; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

ABT-378, a Highly Potent Inhibitor of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Hing L. Sham, Dale J. Kempf, Akhteruzammen Molla, Kennan C. Marsh, Gondi N. Kumar, Chih-Ming Chen, Warren Kati, Kent Stewart, Ritu Lal, Ann Hsu, David Betebenner, Marina Korneyeva, Sudthida Vasavanonda, Edith McDonald, Ayda Saldivar, Norm Wideburg, Xiaoqi Chen, Ping Niu, Chang Park, Venkata Jayanti, Brian Grabowski, G. Richard Granneman, Eugene Sun, Anthony J. Japour, John M. Leonard, Jacob J. Plattner, and Daniel W. Norbeck Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3218-3224; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Structure-Based Design of Novel Dihydroalkoxybenzyloxopyrimidine Derivatives as Potent Nonnucleoside Inhibitors of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase Elise A. Sudbeck, Chen Mao, Rakesh Vig, T. K. Venkatachalam, Lisa Tuel-Ahlgren, and Fatih M. Uckun Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3225-3233; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Characterization of Human Influenza Virus Variants Selected In Vitro in the Presence of the Neuraminidase Inhibitor GS 4071 Chun Y. Tai, Paul A. Escarpe, Robert W. Sidwell, Matthew A. Williams, Willard Lew, Huiwei Wu, Choung U. Kim, and Dirk B. Mendel Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3234-3241; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

An Escherichia coli Expression Assay and Screen for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Variants with Decreased Susceptibility to Indinavir Laurence Melnick, Shiow-Shong Yang, Rick Rossi, Charlie Zepp, and Donald Heefner Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3256-3265; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

The Antiherpesvirus Activity of H2G [(R)-9-[4-Hydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Butyl]Guanine] Is Markedly Enhanced by the Novel Immunosuppressive Agent Mycophenolate Mofetil Johan Neyts, Graciela Andrei, and Erik De Clercq Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3285-3289; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Biologic Response Modifiers:

---

Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Lipopolysaccharide-Neutralizing Effects of a Synthetic CAP18 Fragment against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Mouse Model Teiji Sawa, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Maria Ohara, Michael A. Gropper, Vatsal Doshi, James W. Larrick, and Jeanine P. Wiener-Kronish Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3269-3275; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Immunomodulating Effects of HMR 3004 on Pulmonary Inflammation Caused by Heat-Killed Streptococcus pneumoniae in Mice Michel Duong, Marie Simard, Yves Bergeron, Nathalie Ouellet, Mélanie Côté-Richer, and Michel G. Bergeron Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3309-3312; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Letters:

---

Caz-hi, an Extended-Spectrum TEM -Lactamase (TEM-61), Is Derived from Caz-lo (TEM-11) by In Vivo Selection Geert Claeys, Thierry De Baere, Mario Vaneechoutte, and Gerda Verschraegen Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3328 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Occurrence of satA and vgb Genes in Streptogramin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolates of Animal and Human Origins in The Netherlands Lars Bogø Jensen, Anette M. Hammerum, Frank M. Aarestrup, Anthony E. van den Bogaard, and Ellen E. Stobberingh Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3330-3331; [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Identification of Beta-Defensins in Human Conjunctiva Lars-Olof Hattenbach, Hermann Gümbel, and Stefan Kippenberger Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3332 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Isolation of Glycopeptide-Resistant Enterococci from Chickens in Japan H. Yoshimura, M. Ishimaru, Y. S. Endoh, M. Suginaka, and S. Yamatani Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3333 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Another View of the Therapy of Leprosy Robert H. Gelber;, Baohong Ji, and Jacques H. Grosset Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3334-3336; [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

---

Errata:

---

Pharmacodynamics of ()--2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-Thiacytidine in Chronically Virus-Infected Woodchucks Compared to Its Pharmacodynamics in Humans Selwyn J. Hurwitz, Bud C. Tennant, Brent E. Korba, John L. Gerin, and Raymond F. Schinazi Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. December 1998 42: 3337 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

To see an article, click its [Full Text] link. To review many abstracts, check the boxes to the left of the titles you want, and click the 'Get All Checked Abstract(s)' button. To see one abstract at a time, click its [Abstract] link.